In situ deformation of silicon nanospheres

Deneen, J; Mook, William; Minor, Andrew M.; Gerberich, William W; Carter, C. Barry

doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0085-9

Cited by 77 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, when the size of the material decreases to a small scale, the defect-free structure normally makes the NM survive at high fracture stresses, 10,25,26,51,73 which could eventually provide the materials with the ability to overcome the critical resolved shear stresses and nucleate ductile dislocations or make these ductilefeatured dislocations mobile. The fracture and deformation behaviors of NMs can be significantly different from that of their bulk counterparts.…”

Section: Direct Atomic Mechanisms Of the Size Effect On The Unusual Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale

2013

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Sub-micron and nanostructured materials exhibit high strength, ultra-large elasticity and unusual plastic deformation behaviors. These properties are important for their applications as building blocks for the fabrication of nano-and micro-devices as well as for their use as components for composite materials, high-strength structural and novel functional materials. These nano-related deformation and mechanical behaviors, which are derived from possible size and dimensional effects and the low density of defects, are considerably different from their conventional bulk counterparts. The atomic-scale understanding of the microstructural evolution process of nanomaterials when they are subjected to external stress is crucial for understanding these 'unusual' phenomena and is important for designing new materials, novel structures and applications. This review presents the recent developments in the methods, techniques, instrumentation and scientific progress for atomic-scale in situ deformation dynamics on nanomaterials, including nanowires, nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanofilms and polycrystalline nanomaterials. The unusual dislocation initiation, partial-full dislocation transition, crystalline-amorphous transitions and fracture phenomena related to the experimental mechanics of the nanomaterials are reviewed. Current limitations and future aspects using in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of nanomaterials are also discussed. A new research field of in situ experimental mechanics at the atomic scale is thus expected. Keywords: atomic scale; dislocation; experimental mechanics; in situ; nanomaterial; twin INTRODUCTION Recent studies on nanostructured materials, including nanowires (NWs), 1,2 nanotubes (NTs), 1,3 nanocrystals (NC), 4 micro/nanopillars (NPs) 5-7 and nanocrystalline, 8,9 have revealed a variety of 'unusual deformation' phenomena compared with their bulk counterparts, such as high strength, nano-piezoelectric effects and unusual plastic deformation behaviors. Nanostructured materials can apparently sustain a larger dynamic range of elastic and plastic strains than conventional materials. The results from these studies indicate that the fundamental dislocation processes that initiate and sustain plastic flow and fracture in nanoscale materials are considerably different than in their conventional bulk counterparts. These 'unusual' phenomena not only allow these materials to possess excellent mechanical properties but also enable the tuning of their band structures and related novel electronic, magnetic, optical, photonic and catalytic properties. Revealing the atomic-scale deformation mechanisms of nanomaterials (NM) and controlling their elastic and plastic properties are useful for realizing the desired mechanical, physical and chemical properties through the application of stress or strain.Although extensive studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of NM, 10 the majority of the atomic

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Section: Direct Atomic Mechanisms Of the Size Effect On The Unusual Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale

2013

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“…For example, Deneen and coworkers used a custom nanoindentation holder to perform in situ compression of silicon nanospheres, where they clearly visualized elastic, plastic, and fracture behavior of the silicon [19]. Minor and coworkers performed nanoindentation on individual grains in polycrystalline aluminum [20].…”

Section: Indentation/compression Testing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy: Mechanical Testing

Filleter

Beese

2015

Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology

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“…At small scales, however, it has been shown that room-temperature ductility is possible in covalently bonded ceramics that do not show ductile behavior in bulk samples (Minor et al 2005;Ge et al 2006;Deneen et al 2006;Han et al 2007;Östlund et al 2009Jian et al 2012). The effect of source truncation due to small volumes and the nearby surfaces leads to easy dislocation nucleation at high stresses, which in turn can lead to large strains through dislocation plasticity.…”

Section: Dauphiné Twinningmentioning

confidence: 99%