energy, solar and tidal power, have been investigated in recent years. [2] However, these technologies are easily restricted by the natural environment and geographical location, which have a certain uncontrollability and intermittent supply. [3] Therefore, it is imperative to develop environmentally friendly, advanced, and low-cost energy storage devices to enhance the storage of discontinuous energy. [4] The development of battery technology shows considerable advantages in many energy storage technologies. [5] As a renewable energy storage device, rechargeable batteries show broad application prospects in intelligent electronic devices. [6] Presently, various types of rechargeable batteries, such as Ni-MH batteries, [7] leadacid batteries [8] and Li-ion batteries, [9] have made significant progress and broad application due to their advances in energy density and strong environmental compatibility, as well as their price. [10] Nevertheless, the energy density of conventional Li-ion batteries is limited, which still requires significant improvement. [2,11] To overcome this limitation and extend the service time of mobile electronic devices and the electric vehicles, battery chemistry is rapidly developing, and the newly formed battery system, including lithium-sulfur and Li-O 2 batteries, is expected to achieve higher energy density. [12] As shown in Figure 1, rechargeable LOBs have become promising electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices due to their satisfactory theoretical energy density ≈11 400 Wh kg −1 (calculated based on the pure Li), which was comparable to 12 800 Wh kg −1 of the gasoline. [3,13] Even based on Li 2 O 2 calculation, LOBs had a high specific energy density of 3500 Wh kg −1 . The practical energy density of the LOBs was also close to that of the gasoline, with ≈1700 Wh kg −1 . [13b] As an electrode reactant, oxygen can be directly obtained from the air, which is abundant and inexpensive. Therefore, LOBs have broad prospects for application in energy storage and conversion. [14] Although LOBs have been extensively investigated for several decades and continue to make breakthroughs, they still face various challenges (Figure 2), such as the decomposition of electrolytes, growth of lithium dendrites, parasitic reactions, and slow reaction kinetics, which need to be further explored. [14b,15] LOBs mainly consisted of Li metal anodes, electrolytes and oxygen cathodes. In discharge process, Li metal loses The consumption of fossil fuels has contributed to global warming and other problems. It is urgent to exploit progressive, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy storage devices with super high energy density. Rechargeable lithium oxygen batteries (LOBs) with a high theoretical energy density (≈11400 Wh kg −1 ) are one of the most promising chemical power supplies. MXenes have recently emerged in energy storage and conversion due to their superior conductivity and adjustable structural properties. Here, this paper summarizes the latest research progress in MXene-based ma...