In situ crosslinked electrospun gelatin matrix with unoxidized tannic acid through stable hydrogen bonding

Abstract

This study aims to comprehend the mechanism of in situ crosslinking of gelatin (Gel) with tannic acid (TA) in an unoxidized environment due to TA's biocompatibility, hydroxyl group abundance, and non‐covalent bonding capability. The crosslinking of gelatin in an unoxidized medium offers advantages over oxidized, including enhanced biocompatibility and simplified reaction conditions. In this study, 20% (w/v) gelatin was crosslinked with varying TA percentages at 45°C, followed by electrospinning to obtain fibrous mats using acetic acid (AA) as the solvent. Increasing TA content resulted in a transition from nanoscale to microscale fiber diameter, indicating increased intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The tensile strength of Gel/TA‐5% was 5.6 MPa, surpassing the Gel/TA‐18% sample, suggesting fewer grafting and branching reactions within TA itself. The stability of the gelatin matrix was evaluated through fiber degradation rates within the initial 7‐day period, with percentages of 25%, 38%, 50%, and 85% observed for 18%, 15%, 10%, and 5% TA concentrations, respectively. The swelling percentage of fibrous mats in a buffer solution of pH 7.4 was highest for Gel/TA‐5% at approximately 290%. At lower TA concentrations, the crosslinking density is constrained; hence, progressive fiber disassembly at pH 7.4 improves the TA release, resulting in greater antibacterial efficacy in the first 4 h. Thus, electrospun fibers from in situ crosslinked gelatin with TA in an unoxidized medium holds promise for applications such as drug delivery and wound dressing, owing to the improved properties and enhanced release capabilities of the resulting gelatin‐based fibers

Electronic tongue made of gelatin self-supporting films on printed electrodes to detect lactose

“…For Films 3 and 4, the presence of tannic acid in the zein coating increased the contact angle from 67 °to 90 °. Tannic acid acts as a crosslinker between the amine and hydroxyl groups of protein chains, rendering the polar groups unavailable to interact with water, thus decreasing the surface hydrophilicity (Firdous et al, 2023). Films without a zein coating appeared to be the most hydrophobic.…”

Advances in Transdermal Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides for Wound Management: Biomaterial-Based Approaches and Future Perspectives

“…Then, an electric field is applied to create nanofibers. Nanofiber-based dressings have a high ratio of surface area to volume, resembling the natural extracellular matrix and fostering favorable cellular interactions . Incorporating AMPs into the nanofiber matrix safeguards them from enzymatic degradation, thereby ensuring their efficacy against infections.…”

“…Nanofiber-based dressings have a high ratio of surface area to volume, resembling the natural extracellular matrix and fostering favorable cellular interactions. 123 Incorporating AMPs into the nanofiber matrix safeguards them from enzymatic degradation, thereby ensuring their efficacy against infections. The porous structure of the nanofibers permits controlled release and provides a sustained and continuous supply of AMPs for prolonged antimicrobial activity.…”

DataSheet1.PDF

“…For Films 3 and 4, the presence of tannic acid in the zein coating increased the contact angle from 67 °to 90 °. Tannic acid acts as a crosslinker between the amine and hydroxyl groups of protein chains, rendering the polar groups unavailable to interact with water, thus decreasing the surface hydrophilicity (Firdous et al, 2023). Films without a zein coating appeared to be the most hydrophobic.…”