In Situ Conductivity of a Polythiophene from a Branched Alkoxy-Substituted Tetrathiophene. Enhancement of Conductivity by Conjugated Cross-Linking of Polymer Chains

Zotti, Gianni; Salmaso, R.; Gallazzi, M. C.; Marín, Romina

doi:10.1021/cm960476a

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…19 Regarding the fact that EC-p3T is nearly completely soluble in chloroform, the improved solubility of EC-p3T compared to EC-p4T can be related to a higher branching density in EC-p3T. The good solubilities of ECp3T and EC-p4T are consistent with those of CH-p3T and CH-p4T prepared by oxidative polymerization with FeCl 3 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…17,18 The potentiodynamic polymerization of alkoxy substituted 4T leading to insoluble polymer films was shown by Zotti. 19 Few other electropolymerizations of branched thiophene monomers have been reported so far. [20][21][22] In this contribution we show that 4T and 3T can be polymerized electrochemically to yield polymers (EC-p3T and EC-p4T) that feature similar optoelectronic properties as those that are chemically polymerized utilizing FeCl 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Behavior of Electropolymerized and Chemically Synthesized Hyperbranched Polythiophenes

et al. 2010

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Hyperbranched polythiophenes were synthesized by potentiodynamic electropolymerization of 2,2';3',2''-terthiophene and 5'-(2-thienyl)-2,2';3',2''-terthiophene. The molecular architecture, i.e., the extent of branching of the resulting polymers, could be adjusted by varying the switching potentials. We compare these systems to hyperbranched polythiophenes which we obtained via a simple one-pot synthesis route based on FeCl(3) oxidative polymerization of the monomers. Interestingly, we find that the properties of the electropolymerized materials obtained with high switching potentials are comparable to those of the chemically synthesized polythiophenes. A detailed optical and electrochemical characterization of these systems is performed showing the high potential of this material class for optoelectronic applications. Cyclic voltammetry coupled with in situ conductance measurements further reveal reversible doping upon oxidation (p-doping) and reduction (n-doping) and comparable values for the conductance for the chemically and electrochemically synthesized materials.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behavior of Electropolymerized and Chemically Synthesized Hyperbranched Polythiophenes

et al. 2010

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“…6,7 Experimental measurements evidenced that hyperbranched topology red-shifts the absorption peak 7 significantly, enhances the conductivity and controls the direction of electron flow. 2,8 Hyperbranched systems have also been addressed theoretically. For example, it was predicated that addition of several side branches at a molecule wire produces a noticeable increase in electron transfer rates; 9 branched topologies show conductance higher than the linear chain counterparts due to the increase in the band width due to the additional side groups, 10 and the connectivity in branched polymers may lead to localization of the electronic states even within the "bands".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of localized in-gap states in conjugated polymers of branched topology

Wang

Lin

2012

Phys. Rev. B

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Using cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we investigated cross-linked phenyelenebased polymers with various branched morphology at a single-molecule resolution. We found that localized states that are in the band gap of un-branched polymers emerge at the branch junctions. These in-gap states can be shifted close to the Fermi level through three means: extending the length of branch arms, coupling adjacent branches in hyperbranched structures, or increasing the number of branch arms. Single-band tight-binding calculations can reproduce all experimental results and provide quantitative relationships between the energy level shifts and the branching geometry. Our discovery evidences the emergence and development of in-gap states in the band structures of conjugated systems with fractional dimensions.

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“…The presence of three oxidation peaks indicates a mixture of different conjugated lengths within the dendritic oligomers. [21] In contrast, the voltammograms of dendronized polymers 9 and 10 show one irreversible and ill-defined oxidation peak at + 1.20 and + 1.08 V, respectively. The oxidation processes of the polymers occurred at higher potentials than those of the corresponding macromonomers.…”

Section: Electrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 97%

Rodlike Macromolecules through Spatial Overlapping of Thiophene Dendrons

Kimura

Kitao

Fukawa

et al. 2011

Chemistry A European J

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Two novel dendritic macromonomers 7 and 8 functionalized with electroactive conjugated thiophene oligomers were synthesized by stepwise cross-coupling reactions and the introduction of a vinyl group at the focal point. Both macromonomers were polymerized into dendronized polymers 9 and 10 by using a radical polymerization method. The photophysical and redox behaviors of dendronized polymers 9 and 10 are significantly different from those of the corresponding macromonomers. This difference may result from the spatial overlapping of thiophene dendrons through π-π interactions when the dendrons are connected to a polymer backbone. The dendronized polymers can organize into large-area two-dimensional sheets with a thickness of 4.8 nm. Polymer 9, which has all-dendritic thiophene side chains, exhibited enhanced conductivity by partial doping with iodine or nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate (NOBF(4)). The novel amphiphilic dendronized polymer 15 was synthesized by the atom-transfer radical polymerization of macromonomer 7 from a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macroinitiator and was found to have a self-organized structure in water.

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In Situ Conductivity of a Polythiophene from a Branched Alkoxy-Substituted Tetrathiophene. Enhancement of Conductivity by Conjugated Cross-Linking of Polymer Chains

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

Electrochemical Behavior of Electropolymerized and Chemically Synthesized Hyperbranched Polythiophenes

Electrochemical Behavior of Electropolymerized and Chemically Synthesized Hyperbranched Polythiophenes

Emergence of localized in-gap states in conjugated polymers of branched topology

Rodlike Macromolecules through Spatial Overlapping of Thiophene Dendrons

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