In-situ conductivity and UV-VIS absorption monitoring of iodine doping-dedoping processes in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)

Kislyuk, V.V.; Dimitriev, Oleg P.; Pud, A. A.; Lautru, Joseph; Ledoux‐Rak, Isabelle

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/286/1/012009

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…51,52 This can be clearly seen even during capturing of a single C-AFM image (see Fig. 51,52 This can be clearly seen even during capturing of a single C-AFM image (see Fig.…”

Section: Iodine Dedopingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an ITO surface via a self-templating approach

2015

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Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an indium tin oxide substrate were fabricated as promising materials with directional conductivity for potential optoelectronic applications. The obtained brushes, thanks to their ordered structure and large conjugation length, exhibited high conductivity after chemical doping. Surface-initiated photoiniferter mediated polymerization of a 3-methylthienyl methacrylate monomer was used in the first step of grafting enabling formation of dense brushes. In the second step a self-templating approach that utilized oxidative polymerization of the pendant thiophene groups in the grafted multimonomer chains was used for the formation of ladder-like conjugated brushes. The polymerization conditions were optimized towards the largest possible effective conjugation lengths of the macromolecules. The rate of the undesirable spontaneous iodine dedoping process was followed for the first time using conductive atomic force microscopy. UV-VIS and grazing angle IR spectroscopy were applied to find correlations between various synthetic procedures and the conjugation lengths of the brushes. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Additional results of AFM measurements, grazing angle IR spectra, UV-VIS spectra, XPS spectra, estimations of the brush conductivity and a movie showing C-AFM images changing in time. See

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“…51,52 This can be clearly seen even during capturing of a single C-AFM image (see Fig. 51,52 This can be clearly seen even during capturing of a single C-AFM image (see Fig.…”

Section: Iodine Dedopingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an ITO surface via a self-templating approach

2015

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“…Some of the earliest molecular dopants for conjugated polymers were halogen vapors, [12] but the instability of the doped films produced this way has led to the design of more stable molecular dopants. [13] One of the most popular molecular dopants for conjugated polymers is 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F 4 TCNQ); [4][5][6][7][8][9][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] see Fig. 1a (red) for chemical structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dodecaborane‐Based Dopants Designed to Shield Anion Electrostatics Lead to Increased Carrier Mobility in a Doped Conjugated Polymer

et al. 2019

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One of the most effective ways to tune the electronic properties of conjugated polymers is to dope them with small-molecule oxidizing agents, creating holes on the polymer and molecular anions. Undesirably, strong electrostatic attraction from the anions of most dopants localize the holes created on the polymer, reducing their mobility. Here, we employ a new strategy utilizing a substituted boron cluster as a molecular dopant for conjugated polymers. By designing the cluster to have a high redox potential and steric protection of the corelocalized electron density, we obtain highly delocalized polarons with mobilities equivalent to films doped with no anions present. AC Hall effect measurements show that P3HT films doped with our boron clusters have conductivities and polaron mobilities roughly an order of magnitude higher than films doped with F 4 TCNQ, even though the boron-cluster-doped films have poor crystallinity. Moreover, the number of free carriers approximately matches the number of boron clusters, yielding a doping efficiency of ∼100%. These results suggest that shielding the polaron from the anion is a critically important aspect for producing high carrier mobility, and that the high polymer crystallinity required with dopants such as F 4 TCNQ is primarily to keep the counterions far from the polymer backbone.

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“…5,[14][15][16] In situ UV-vis absorption has been successfully implemented on non-rotating samples, either on the surface of a microscope slide or inside a cuvette or capillary, to monitor the kinetics and evolution of different chemical species and phases during the polymerization, reduction and doping of organic materials. [17][18][19] UV-vis reectometry, or ellipsometry in the reection mode, have also been used in the past, 5,16,[20][21][22][23][24][25] but these are usually less sensitive to the absorption characteristics and require model denition and tting (transfer matrix formulation) based on prior knowledge about the sample (optical properties and layer thickness), in order to extract the absorption spectra, and are usually ineffective for thick solution lms. More direct measurement of the thin lm crystallinity and phase separation during spin-coating can be achieved by performing in situ grazing incidence wide and/or small angle X-ray scattering during spin-coating, 24,26,27 but this requires the use of a synchrotron X-ray source, making it impossible to perform on site, difficult to perform routinely, and cost-prohibitive to perform in-line during actual manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ UV-visible absorption during spin-coating of organic semiconductors: a new probe for organic electronics and photovoltaics

et al. 2014

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In-situ conductivity and UV-VIS absorption monitoring of iodine doping-dedoping processes in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an ITO surface via a self-templating approach

Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an ITO surface via a self-templating approach

Dodecaborane‐Based Dopants Designed to Shield Anion Electrostatics Lead to Increased Carrier Mobility in a Doped Conjugated Polymer

In situ UV-visible absorption during spin-coating of organic semiconductors: a new probe for organic electronics and photovoltaics

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