In-situ characterization of initial marine corrosion induced by rare-earth elements modified inclusions in Zr-Ti deoxidized low-alloy steels

Wei, Wenzhui; Wu, Kaiming; Zhang, Xian; Liu, Jing; Qiu, Ping; Cheng, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.11.080

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This is attributed to the decreased anodic activity caused by the increase in the thermodynamic stability of the anodic phase or its passivation. During the cathodic process, Zr manifests itself through a large number of micro-cathodes, which do not affect the corrosion rate (Rodionova et al, 2004;Wei et al, 2020).…”

Section: Corrosive Tests Using the Electrochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heterogeneity of the chemical composition near the inclusion can be associated with the stresses arising in this region, resulting in the redistribution of the elements in a solid solution, including carbon and silicon. The dissolution of the inclusions, in turn, induced the electrochemical activity of pitting corrosion and further inhibited the propagation of local corrosion (Wei et al, 2020).…”

Section: Distribution Of Elements Around the Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Non-metallic Inclusions on Corrosive Properties of Polar Steel

Sun

2021

Front. Mater.

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Polar steel requires excellent toughness and corrosion resistance for breaking icy surfaces in low-temperature seawater environments. In this study, the effect of inclusions on the corrosion resistance of polar steel was examined. In the experiments conducted, the composition and morphology of the inclusions in steel were controlled using different deoxidation methods during steel refining. The morphology and composition of the corrosion-resistant active inclusions were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance of polar steel was determined by measuring the saturation current density of the anodic dissolution of steel in a corrosive medium via an electrochemical method. The corrosion resistance under simulated seawater was also investigated under laboratory conditions. It was found that as the ratio of Al/Mg approaches the stoichiometric composition of the spinel (2.3–2.5), the inclusions become less active; as the ratio increases further, the corrosion-resistant activity increases due to the formation of MgAl2O4⋅CaO complexes, leading to an increase in local stress around the inclusions. If steel is deoxidized with Zr–Ti, small Zr–Ti complex oxides form in the steel, providing nucleation particles for the precipitation of spheroidized and uniformly distributed MnS. Therefore, steel deoxidized with Zr–Ti has better seawater corrosion resistance than Al-deoxidized steel.

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Section: Corrosive Tests Using the Electrochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Elements Around the Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Non-metallic Inclusions on Corrosive Properties of Polar Steel

Sun

2021

Front. Mater.

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“…The addition of rare earth (RE) to steel also affects the corrosion resistance of steel [46][47][48]. The REM addition reduced the surface electrochemical activity and the adsorption tendency of Cl − on the metal surface [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The REM addition reduced the surface electrochemical activity and the adsorption tendency of Cl − on the metal surface [47]. The addition of rare earth metals has a significant effect on both metastable and stable pitting processes [46]-the dissolution of inclusions induced the electrochemical activities of pitting corrosion and further inhibited the propagation of local corrosion [48]. Yang et al [49] studied the effect of cerium on the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of A36 steel sheet in a seawater environment (3.5% NaCl solution).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Rare Earth Metals Alloying on the Internal Quality of Industrially Produced Heavy Steel Forgings

Jonšta

Brožová

et al. 2021

Materials

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The paper presented the findings obtained by industrial research and experimental development on the use of rare earth metals (REMs) in the production of heavy steel ingots and their impact on the internal quality of the 42CrMo4 grade steel forging. REMs alloying was carried out after vacuuming the steel. A relatively large melting loss of cerium (about 50%) and its further decrease in casting due to reoxidation were observed. Refinement of structure and better mechanical properties of forged bar containing about 0.02 wt.% of Ce compared to that of the standard production were not achieved. The wind power shaft with content of about 0.06 wt.% of Ce showed high amount of REM inclusions, which were locally chained, and in some cases, initiated cracks. Four stoichiometrically different types of REM inclusions were detected in forgings, namely (La-Ce)2O2S + (La-Ce)O2 + SiO2 (minority); oxygen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony bound to lanthanum and cerium probably bonded with iron oxides La + Ce, MgO, Al2O3 a SiO2; (La-Ce)2O2S, FeO, SiO2, and CaO or CaS.

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“…With the addition of alloying elements, such as S and Al, the number density and average size of MnS, MnO, and Al 2 O 3 obviously increased, which would lead to the decrease of corrosion resistance [ 20 , 22 , 23 ]. On the contrary, the addition of RE elements can improve the corrosion resistance of the steel, owing to the much smaller average size of the modified inclusions than that of normal inclusions [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ti and Cu Addition on Inclusion Modification and Corrosion Behavior in Simulated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of Low-Alloy Steels

et al. 2021

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In this paper, the effects of Ti and Cu addition on inclusion modification and corrosion behavior in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of low-alloy steels were investigated by using in-situ scanning vibration electrode technique (SVET), scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and electrochemical workstation. The results demonstrated that the complex inclusions formed in Cu-bearing steel were (Ti, Al, Mn)-Ox-MnS, which was similar to that in base steel. Hence, localized corrosion was initiated by the dissolution of MnS. However, the main inclusions in Ti-bearing steels were modified into TiN-Al2O3/TiN, and the localized corrosion was initiated by the dissolution of high deformation region at inclusion/matrix interface. With increased interface density of inclusions in steels, the corrosion rate increased in the following order: Base steel ≈ Cu-bearing steel < Ti-bearing steel. Owing to the existence of Cu-enriched rust layer, the Cu-bearing steel shows a similar corrosion resistance with base steel.

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In-situ characterization of initial marine corrosion induced by rare-earth elements modified inclusions in Zr-Ti deoxidized low-alloy steels

Cited by 47 publications

References 56 publications

Influence of Non-metallic Inclusions on Corrosive Properties of Polar Steel

Influence of Non-metallic Inclusions on Corrosive Properties of Polar Steel

The Effect of Rare Earth Metals Alloying on the Internal Quality of Industrially Produced Heavy Steel Forgings

Effects of Ti and Cu Addition on Inclusion Modification and Corrosion Behavior in Simulated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of Low-Alloy Steels

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