Abstract:The influence of the properties of different solid substrates on the tethering of two antibodies, IgG1-CR3022 and IgG1-S309, which were specifically engineered for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, has been examined at the molecular level using conventional and accelerated Molecular Dynamics (cMD and aMD, respectively). Two surfaces with very different properties and widely used in immunosensors for diagnosis, amorphous silica and the most stable facet of the face-centered cubic gold structure, have been considered… Show more
“…AuNPs were also prevalently functionalized with organic thiol molecules prior immobilization leading to a self assembled monolayer, which will be discussed in the next section. Although out of the scope of the current review, in the last years, these computational studies have not been limited only to the study of enzymes, but they also have been applied to assess the binding of antibodies, nanobodies and others with nanoparticle surfaces ( Xiao et al, 2018 ; Simões et al, 2021 ; Martí et al, 2022 ).…”
Section: Immobilization On Nanoparticlesmentioning
In recent years, simulations have been used to great advantage to understand the structural and dynamic aspects of distinct enzyme immobilization strategies, as experimental techniques have limitations in establishing their impact at the molecular level. In this review, we discuss how molecular dynamic simulations have been employed to characterize the surface phenomenon in the enzyme immobilization procedure, in an attempt to decipher its impact on the enzyme features, such as activity and stability. In particular, computational studies on the immobilization of enzymes using i) nanoparticles, ii) self-assembled monolayers, iii) graphene and carbon nanotubes, and iv) other surfaces are covered. Importantly, this thorough literature survey reveals that, while simulations have been primarily performed to rationalize the molecular aspects of the immobilization event, their use to predict adequate protocols that can control its impact on the enzyme properties is, up to date, mostly missing.
“…AuNPs were also prevalently functionalized with organic thiol molecules prior immobilization leading to a self assembled monolayer, which will be discussed in the next section. Although out of the scope of the current review, in the last years, these computational studies have not been limited only to the study of enzymes, but they also have been applied to assess the binding of antibodies, nanobodies and others with nanoparticle surfaces ( Xiao et al, 2018 ; Simões et al, 2021 ; Martí et al, 2022 ).…”
Section: Immobilization On Nanoparticlesmentioning
In recent years, simulations have been used to great advantage to understand the structural and dynamic aspects of distinct enzyme immobilization strategies, as experimental techniques have limitations in establishing their impact at the molecular level. In this review, we discuss how molecular dynamic simulations have been employed to characterize the surface phenomenon in the enzyme immobilization procedure, in an attempt to decipher its impact on the enzyme features, such as activity and stability. In particular, computational studies on the immobilization of enzymes using i) nanoparticles, ii) self-assembled monolayers, iii) graphene and carbon nanotubes, and iv) other surfaces are covered. Importantly, this thorough literature survey reveals that, while simulations have been primarily performed to rationalize the molecular aspects of the immobilization event, their use to predict adequate protocols that can control its impact on the enzyme properties is, up to date, mostly missing.
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