In Silico Identification of Type III PKS Chalcone and Stilbene Synthase Homologs in Marine Photosynthetic Organisms

Luca, Danièle De; Lauritano, Chiara

doi:10.3390/biology9050110

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Despite the fact that type I PKSs are typically multifunctional enzymes organized into modules, each harbouring a set of distinct domains, we only found single domain type I PKSs, as reported for other toxic dinoflagellate studies [98][99][100]. The three remnant PKS transcripts were found in the same clade containing type III PKS sequences (chalcone and stilbene synthases, Figure S2), recently reported in other dinoflagellate transcriptomes [101]. This study constitutes the first report for type III PKSs in A. tamutum.…”

Section: Other Toxin-related Transcriptssupporting

confidence: 75%

De novo Transcriptome of the Non-saxitoxin Producing Alexandrium tamutum Reveals New Insights on Harmful Dinoflagellates

et al. 2020

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Many dinoflagellates species, especially of the Alexandrium genus, produce a series of toxins with tremendous impacts on human and environmental health, and tourism economies. Alexandrium tamutum was discovered for the first time in the Gulf of Naples, and it is not known to produce saxitoxins. However, a clone of A. tamutum from the same Gulf showed copepod reproduction impairment and antiproliferative activity. In this study, the full transcriptome of the dinoflagellate A. tamutum is presented in both control and phosphate starvation conditions. RNA-seq approach was used for in silico identification of transcripts that can be involved in the synthesis of toxic compounds. Phosphate starvation was selected because it is known to induce toxin production for other Alexandrium spp. Results showed the presence of three transcripts related to saxitoxin synthesis (sxtA, sxtG and sxtU), and others potentially related to the synthesis of additional toxic compounds (e.g., 44 transcripts annotated as “polyketide synthase”). These data suggest that even if this A. tamutum clone does not produce saxitoxins, it has the potential to produce toxic metabolites, in line with the previously observed activity. These data give new insights into toxic microalgae, toxin production and their potential applications for the treatment of human pathologies.

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Section: Other Toxin-related Transcriptssupporting

confidence: 75%

De novo Transcriptome of the Non-saxitoxin Producing Alexandrium tamutum Reveals New Insights on Harmful Dinoflagellates

et al. 2020

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“…However, there is a lack of research on chalcones in marine natural products. De Luca et al analyzed the microalgal transcriptomes available in the Marine Microbial Eukaryotic Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP) database for an in silico search of chalcone synthase and 4-Coumarate: CoA ligase, an upstream enzyme in the synthesis of chalcones [ 225 ]. They first report the occurrence of these enzymes in specific microalgal taxa.…”

Section: Summary and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chalcone Derivatives: Role in Anticancer Therapy

et al. 2021

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Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are precursors for flavonoids and isoflavonoids, which are common simple chemical scaffolds found in many naturally occurring compounds. Many chalcone derivatives were also prepared due to their convenient synthesis. Chalcones as weandhetic analogues have attracted much interest due to their broad biological activities with clinical potentials against various diseases, particularly for antitumor activity. The chalcone family has demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo activity against cancers via multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle disruption, autophagy regulation, apoptosis induction, and immunomodulatory and inflammatory mediators. It represents a promising strategy to develop chalcones as novel anticancer agents. In addition, the combination of chalcones and other therapies is expected to be an effective way to improve anticancer therapeutic efficacy. However, despite the encouraging results for their response to cancers observed in clinical studies, a full description of toxicity is required for their clinical use as safe drugs for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances of the chalcone family as potential anticancer agents and the mechanisms of action. Besides, future applications and scope of the chalcone family toward the treatment and prevention of cancer are brought out.

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“…Molecular resources for microalgae, and especially those from marine environments, are still scarce [137] and the possibility of applying genetic engineering technologies is still limited. However, the advent of the omic era offered great opportunities for better understanding microalgae, their responses to main environmental drivers and the compounds they may produce [14,18,[138][139][140][141][142][143]. Omics studies also allowed to demonstrate that under salt stress, key enzymes such as those related to osmolytes metabolism are largely controlled by post-translational modifications and this may be true for other pathways as well and need further investigations [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydomonas Responses to Salinity Stress and Possible Biotechnological Exploitation

Bazzani

Lauritano

Mangoni

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Salinity is among the main drivers affecting growth and distribution of photosynthetic organisms as Chlamydomonas spp. These species can live in multiple environments, including polar regions, and have been frequently studied for their adaptation to live at different salinity gradients. Upon salinity stress (hypersalinity is the most studied), Chlamydomonas spp. were found to alter their metabolism, reduce biomass production (growth), chlorophyll content, photosynthetic activity, and simultaneously increasing radical oxygen species production as well as lipid and carotenoid contents. This review summarizes the current literature on salt stress related studies on the green algae from the genus Chlamydomonas considering physiological and molecular aspects. The overall picture emerging from the data suggests the existence of common features of the genus in response to salinity stress, as well as some differences peculiar to single Chlamydomonas species. These differences were probably linked to the different morphological characteristics of the studied algae (e.g., with or without cell wall) or different sampling locations and adaptations. On the other hand, molecular data suggest the presence of common reactions, key genes, and metabolic pathways that can be used as biomarkers of salt stress in Chlamydomonas spp., with implications for future physiological and biotechnological studies on microalgae and plants.

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In Silico Identification of Type III PKS Chalcone and Stilbene Synthase Homologs in Marine Photosynthetic Organisms

Cited by 12 publications

References 120 publications

De novo Transcriptome of the Non-saxitoxin Producing Alexandrium tamutum Reveals New Insights on Harmful Dinoflagellates

De novo Transcriptome of the Non-saxitoxin Producing Alexandrium tamutum Reveals New Insights on Harmful Dinoflagellates

Chalcone Derivatives: Role in Anticancer Therapy

Chlamydomonas Responses to Salinity Stress and Possible Biotechnological Exploitation

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