In-Road Microwave Sensor for Electronic Vehicle Identification and Tracking: Link Budget Analysis and Antenna Prototype

Wang, Yifan; Bialkowski, Konstanty; Pretorius, Albertus J.; Plooy, Abraham G. W. du; Abbosh, Amin

doi:10.1109/tits.2017.2690679

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Finally, a similar study is detailed in Table 8 , with the objective to present a comparison with other passive RFID systems working at the same frequency band and using similar versions of the wireless communication standard employed in this work, but with different road/vehicle applications [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Note that several features have been omitted for Table 8 (regarding Table 7 ) for different reasons: Tag ID capacity: this value is not provided by these papers.…”

Section: Discussion: Comparison With Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that several features have been omitted for Table 8 (regarding Table 7 ) for different reasons: Tag ID capacity: this value is not provided by these papers. Only [ 20 , 23 ] use the maximum value given by the standard (512 bits) for the presented calculations, models, and simulations. Price/tag: this value is not provided, but we can assume similar prices in the case that these works employ ruggedized passive tags.…”

Section: Discussion: Comparison With Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tag ID capacity: this value is not provided by these papers. Only [ 20 , 23 ] use the maximum value given by the standard (512 bits) for the presented calculations, models, and simulations.…”

Section: Discussion: Comparison With Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding distance range, we can observe how the proposed work achieves a satisfactory performance comparing with the referenced works, mainly because they are focused on placing multiple tags on the floor to locate accurately the vehicle passing over them [ 19 , 22 ], or to identify vehicles placing the reader just on the floor to identify the tag attached to the vehicle passing over or very close to the antenna [ 20 , 21 , 23 ]. In other words, they do not have the purpose of identifying a tag relatively far from the car.…”

Section: Discussion: Comparison With Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are previous works based on passive RFID for road applications [ 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], they are mainly focused on vehicle location [ 15 , 19 , 22 ] or vehicle identification [ 20 , 21 , 23 ] purposes. Vehicle location systems require placing multiple tags on the floor to accurately locate the vehicle passing over them, and vehicle identification systems require placing the reader just on the floor to identify the tag attached to the vehicle passing over the antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passive RFID-Based Inventory of Traffic Signs on Roads and Urban Environments

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This paper presents a system with location functionalities for the inventory of traffic signs based on passive RFID technology. The proposed system simplifies the current video-based techniques, whose requirements regarding visibility are difficult to meet in some scenarios, such as dense urban areas. In addition, the system can be easily extended to consider any other street facilities, such as dumpsters or traffic lights. Furthermore, the system can perform the inventory process at night and at a vehicle’s usual speed, thus avoiding interfering with the normal traffic flow of the road. Moreover, the proposed system exploits the benefits of the passive RFID technologies over active RFID, which are typically employed on inventory and vehicular routing applications. Since the performance of passive RFID is not obvious for the required distance ranges on these in-motion scenarios, this paper, as its main contribution, addresses the problem in two different ways, on the one hand theoretically, presenting a radio wave propagation model at theoretical and simulation level for these scenarios; and on the other hand experimentally, comparing passive and active RFID alternatives regarding costs, power consumption, distance ranges, collision problems, and ease of reconfiguration. Finally, the performance of the proposed on-board system is experimentally validated, testing its capabilities for inventory purposes.

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