In-pile tritium permeation through F82H steel with and without a ceramic coating of Cr2O3–SiO2 including CrPO4

Preparation of Mg and Al phosphate coatings on ferritic steel by wet-chemical method as tritium permeation barrier

“…In addition, the permeation rates observed at other temperatures for phosphate coated specimens were clearly smaller than those for the specimens with ZrO 2 (ED)/ZrO 2 (SG) and Al 2 O 3 (ED)/ZrO 2 (SG) coatings. The above-mentioned values of PRF were comparable with or larger than the values reported by Kulsartov et al [7] and Nakamichi et al [8] for F82H specimens with Cr 2 O 3 -SiO 2 + CrPO 4 coating; 400 and 292 at 600 • C and smaller at lower temperatures. The thickness of their coating was 50-80 m, while that of present coating was just 200 nm.…”

“…Although low-activation ferritic steels are primary candidates of structural materials of fusion blankets [13], the barrier effects obtained for F82H was smaller than that for SS316. The permeation reduction factor (PRF) for F82H was 400 [7] and 292 (in-pile test) [8] at 600 • C and much smaller at lower temperatures. Chikada et al [10] and Yao et al [11] have used a sol-gel method (spin coating) to prepare Er 2 O 3 films on SS316, but they have not applied this technique to ferritic steels.…”

“…Several researchers have examined barrier effects of coatings prepared by wet-chemical methods [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Terai et al [4] and Nakamichi et al [5,6] have prepared chemically densified Cr 2 O 3 -SiO 2 coatings on type 316 stainless steel (SS316) and measured permeation rate of tritium [4] or deuterium [5,6].…”

“…Kulsartov et al. [7] and Nakamichi et al [8] have studied the effects of similar coating (Cr 2 O 3 -SiO 2 + CrPO 4 ) prepared on low-activation ferritic steel F82H. Although low-activation ferritic steels are primary candidates of structural materials of fusion blankets [13], the barrier effects obtained for F82H was smaller than that for SS316.…”

Impact of ceramic coating deposition on the tritium permeation in the Japanese ITER-TBM

“…An effective coating was developed by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) in collaboration with Tocalo Co., Ltd. using a ceramic coating applied by a chemical densified coating (CDC) method [7,8]. Compared with other coating methods, the CDC method has some advantages, such as its capability to coat on the outer and/or the inner surface of a tube or a container at a low temperature (450°C).…”