“…Intriguingly, endothelial and other cells may promote the growth of MuSC through secretion of soluble factors, such as IGF-1, HGF, basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor (Yablonka-Reuveni and Rivera, 1997; Yablonka-Reuveni et al, 1999; Kästner et al, 2000; Zhao et al, 2003; Christov et al, 2007; Deasy et al, 2009). Consequently, in ovo administration of IGF-1 leads to satellite cell activation, neonatal skeletal muscle hypertrophy, and increased muscle mass (Liu et al, 2011). Furthermore, angiopoietin 1/ Tie-2 (tyrosine kinase, endothelial) signaling, an active regulator for vascular homeostasis, has been shown to promote MuSC self-renewal both by autocrine and paracrine effects (Shim et al, 2007; Abou-Khalil et al, 2009).…”