In-Cylinder Sampling of Hydrocarbons in a Texaco L-141 TCP Engine

Ingham, Michael C.; Myers, P. S.; Uyehara, O. A.

doi:10.4271/820361

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

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Visualization of late-cycle phenomena in a direct injection spark ignition engine

Strand

Rothamer

Ghandhi

2005

International Journal of Engine Research

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Planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements of 3-pentanone doped into the fuel and the hydroxyl (OH) radical were separately performed in a direct injection spark ignition engine operating unthrottled at 600 r/min with an overall fuel-air equivalence ratio W of 0.3. It was found that the premixed flame, identified by OH fluorescence, did not propagate fully to the outermost edge of the combustion chamber regardless of image timing. Further, late in the cycle after the heat release had completed, fuel fluorescence was identified at the combustion chamber periphery. The fuel concentration at these late times was found to be lean, with little fuel at W>0.5. These findings strongly suggest that the flame has quenched at the edge of the fuel cloud, confirming a long-held belief about stratified combustion. A series of additional experiments were performed to examine the factors controlling the observed quenching phenomenon. Changes in the end gas conditions resulting from advanced combustion phasing were not sufficient to alleviate the existence of late-cycle fuel fluorescence. Throttling the intake to 69 kPa while maintaining the same mass of fuel injected resulted in complete flame propagation in the investigated field of view, as evidenced by the OH fluorescence, and late-cycle fuel fluorescence was not present in the field of view. Time-resolved exhaust hydrocarbon concentration measurements were found to be lower at the throttled condition.

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Visualization of late-cycle phenomena in a direct injection spark ignition engine

Strand

Rothamer

Ghandhi

2005

International Journal of Engine Research

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Origins of Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Multi-Fuel, Torch Ignition Assisted Direct Injection Engine

LoRusso

Havstad

Kaiser

et al. 1986

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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Unthrottled, direct injection ignition assisted (DI–IA) engines have demonstrated DI diesel efficiencies and multi-fuel capabilities. However, high hydrocarbon (HC) emissions have been a problem with this concept. Torch ignition, provided by a separately fuelled small volume prechamber with spark ignition, was applied as a research tool to define the benefits of large volume ignition for controlling HC emissions. Torch ignition was found to be beneficial for HC control relative to the use of single point spark ignition; however, HC levels were higher than those observed from a DI diesel using low emissions technology. To assist in investigating the cause of the higher HC emissions, tracer experiments were conducted to verify that prechamber combustion characteristics did not contribute significantly to the total exhaust HC emissions. Separate, but similar, fuels were used for the main chamber and prechamber. Through gas chromatographic analysis of the major exhaust HC species, prechamber combustion was found to contribute substantially less than 20 per cent to the overall HC emissions for the engine conditions studied.

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Time-Resolved Emission Sampling in a Direct-Injection Engine

Hudak¹,

Ghandhi²

1999

SAE Technical Paper Series

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In-Cylinder Sampling of Hydrocarbons in a Texaco L-141 TCP Engine

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Visualization of late-cycle phenomena in a direct injection spark ignition engine

Visualization of late-cycle phenomena in a direct injection spark ignition engine

Origins of Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Multi-Fuel, Torch Ignition Assisted Direct Injection Engine

Time-Resolved Emission Sampling in a Direct-Injection Engine

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