Impurity tin atoms in glassy As x S1 − x and As x Se1 − x

X-Ray fluorescence analysis of Ge–As–Se glasses using X-Ray and electron-beam excitation

“…Since the intensity ratio of the K α1, 2 lines in the As 1 -x Se x , Ge 1 -x Se x , and Ge 1 -x -y As y Se x glasses depends on many factors (fluorescence yields and absorption cross sections of all the constituent atoms for excitation and fluorescence), we used standards to determine the germanium, arsenic, sulfur, and sele nium concentrations [5,6]. To this end, we con structed x = f(x XFA ), y = f(y XFA ), and z = f(z XFA ) calibra tion plots through three points.…”

“…However, X ray fluores cence spectroscopy is relatively rarely used to deter mine the quantitative composition of chalcogenide glasses [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Note that, in most studies, characteris tic X rays of a target were only excited by bremsstrahl ung X rays [1,[3][4][5][6] and a limited number of materials have been studied to date (As-S, As-Se, As-Se-S [1,[4][5][6], CuI-As 2 Se 3 , and CuI-PbI 2 -As 2 Se 3 [2] glassy alloys or mechanical arsenic + chalcogen mix tures [3]). …”