Impurity halide diffusion in silver chloride and silver bromide

Batra, A. P.; Slifkin, Lawrence

doi:10.1016/0022-3697(69)90193-0

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A standard tracer-sectioning technique [4] was used. Several of the AgCl crystals used for high-temperature runs were obtained from the Harshaw Chemical Company and contained 4 to 7 ppm divalent impurity; the remainder were produced locally by C. B. Childs and contained no more than 1 ppm cationic impurity.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, less than one microcurie of the tracer was applied to thc surface of the specimen, which was then encapsulated in either ultrapure helium or a mixture of hclium and 0.5 Torr chlorine. The diffusion anneal, sectioning, and weighing of sections were as previously described [4]. The radioactivity of each section was measured with a well-type scintillation counter by counting the total gamma radiation above a certain low bias.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion of zinc tracer in silver chloride

Batra

Slifkin

1973

Phys. Stat. Sol. (a)

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The diffusion of Zn2+ tracer in AgCl has been found to proceed substitutionally over the cntire temperature range of measiirement (209 to 441 "C). The contribution from an interstitial mechanism, expected on the basis of a previous correlation between diffusion mechanisms in AgCl and the d-shell structure of the diffusing cation, is, if present, here masked by the extraordinarily large substitutional component. This very large substitutional diffnsivity appears to be the result of an unusually large solute ion-vacancy binding energy, perhaps of the order of 0.6 eV. As a consequence, the diffusion activation energy is only 0.77 eV.Es wird gefunden, daB die Diffusion Ton Zn2+-Tracern in AgCl iiber den gesamten Tempe-raturmeDbereich (209 bis 441 "C) substitutionell erfolgt. Der Beitrag eines Zwischengitter-Mechanismus, der auf Grund einer bereits bekannten Korrelation zwischen dem Diffusionsmechanismus in AgCl und der d-Schalen-Struktur des diffundierenden Kations erwartet wurde, ist, wenn uberhaupt aktiv, hier durch die auaerordentlich groBe substitutionelle Komponente uberdeckt. Diese uberaus groBe substitutionelle Diffusivitat scheint das Ergebnis einer ungewohnlich groBen lijsliches-Ion-Leerstellen-Bindungsenergie zu sein, wahrscheinlich von der GroBenordnung 0,6 eV. Dies hat zur Folge, daB die Aktivierungsenergie der Diffusion nur 0,77 eV betragt.

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Section: Experimental Procedures and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Procedures and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion of zinc tracer in silver chloride

Batra

Slifkin

1973

Phys. Stat. Sol. (a)

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“…These profiles would then generate a diffusion potential which would decay to zero within a few minutes. Batra and Slifkin (14) were cited for evidence of bromide diffusion into silver chloride. They report a diffusion coefficient of 1.28 X 1CT12 cm2/s at 304.8 °C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of bromide on silver chloride electrodes

Sandifer¹

1981

Anal. Chem.

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“…The curved plots observed for C1-and Iin AgBr were interpreted in terms of an additional vacancy pair mechanism. 61 The equation which is normally used for the diffusion coefficient of a univalent impurity ion in an f.c.c. uni-univalent crystal is given bY6,'.10…”

Section: Defect Energies Of Impuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculated and experimental defect parameters for silver halides

Corish¹

1989

J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2

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Our present detailed knowledge of the defect structures of silver chloride and silver bromide results from extensive experimental measurements the interpretation of which has, in recent years, been assisted by calculated values for some defect parameters. Experimental data show that cation Frenkel defects predominate in the materials and that the silver ions move by two kinds of interstitial mechanism as well as through vacancy motion. Both conductance and diffusion measurements indicate that the concentration of Frenkel defects rises more sharply in the 150 K temperature interval below the melting points of these crystals than would be predicted by a temperature-independent defect-formation energy, even when long-range interactions between defects are taken into account. Atomistic simulation techniques, based on the Mott-Littleton approximation, have provided values for defect formation energies and, in the quasi-harmonic approximation, the temperature-dependence of the defect formation energy has been quantified in good agreement with experiment. They have also confirmed the importance of the deformation of the silver ion during its migration, and have provided insights into the motion and clustering of dopant ions. Currently three-body forces are being introduced into the modelling of the silver halides in new interionic potentials and progress in the calculation of defect energies using these potentials is reported.

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Impurity halide diffusion in silver chloride and silver bromide

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Diffusion of zinc tracer in silver chloride

Diffusion of zinc tracer in silver chloride

Effects of bromide on silver chloride electrodes

Calculated and experimental defect parameters for silver halides

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