Impulsivity in animal models for drug abuse disorders

Jentsch, J. David

doi:10.1016/j.ddmod.2009.03.011

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These behaviors are viewed as pathological when they become intrusive, disrupt normal life routines, cause clinical distress, or lead to harmful consequences for oneself or others, possibly at the point where there is a failure in the inhibitory self‐control mechanisms that are called upon to interrupt or suppress these behaviors . Pathological impulsive behaviors are either diagnostic or common sequelae of a range of psychiatric disorders, including the so‐called impulse control disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity and conduct disorders, bipolar (manic‐depressive) disorder, borderline personality disorder, and (of most relevance to this review) substance‐use disorders . Impulsivity also appears to be a significant major contributor to suicidality in patients with these disorders …”

Section: Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impulsivity and/or poor impulse control could have an influence on almost all stages of the life cycle of drug use. Theoretically, they could be linked with heightened probability of initiating drug use, of rapidly escalating drug use, of failing to cut down on drug use once it becomes problematic, and of relapsing despite motivation to remain abstinent . These contributions can be better understood through a deeper examination of the causal relationships between impulsivity, drug use, and addiction; for example, whether impulsive tendencies pre‐date the onset of drug use behaviors or whether experience with drug use causes or exacerbates the propensity for impulsivity.…”

Section: Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissecting impulsivity and its relationships to drug addictions

Jentsch

Ashenhurst

Cervantes

et al. 2014

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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218

210

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Addictions are often characterized as forms of impulsive behavior. That said, it is often noted that impulsivity is a multidimensional construct, spanning several psychological domains. This review describes the relationship between varieties of impulsivity and addiction-related behaviors, the nature of the causal relationship between the two and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms that promote impulsive behaviors. We conclude that the available data strongly supports the notion that impulsivity is both a risk factor for, and a consequence of, drug and alcohol consumption. While the evidence indicating that subtypes of impulsive behavior are uniquely informative – either biologically or with respect to their relationships to addictions – is convincing, multiple lines of study link “distinct” subtypes of impulsivity to low dopamine D2 receptor function and perturbed serotonergic transmission, revealing shared mechanisms between the subtypes. Therefore, a common biological framework involving monoaminergic transmitters in key frontostriatal circuits may link multiple forms of impulsivity to drug self-administration and addiction-related behaviors. Further dissection of these relationships is needed before the next phase of genetic and genomic discovery will be able to reveal the biological sources of the vulnerability for addiction indexed by impulsivity.

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Section: Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting impulsivity and its relationships to drug addictions

Jentsch

Ashenhurst

Cervantes

et al. 2014

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Self Cite

218

210

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show abstract

“…Individuals displaying high levels of impulsivity have an increased risk to become addicted to drugs and to develop obesity [30,31,32,33,34,35]. Interestingly, the relationship between addiction and impulsivity is bidirectional, as indicated by the fact that prolonged exposure to drugs results in impaired impulse control [32,36].…”

Section: Similarities Between Bed and Addiction In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an Animal Model of Food Addiction

Jong¹,

Vanderschuren²,

Adan³

2012

Obes Facts

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The dramatically increasing prevalence of obesity, associated with potentially life-threatening health problems, including cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes, poses an enormous public health problem. It has been proposed that the obesity epidemic can be explained by the concept of ‘food addiction’. In this review we focus on possible similarities between binge eating disorder (BED), which is highly prevalent in the obese population, and drug addiction. Indeed, both behavioral and neural similarities between addiction and BED have been demonstrated. Behavioral similarities are reflected in the overlap in DSM-IV criteria for drug addiction with the (suggested) criteria for BED and by food addiction-like behavior in animals after prolonged intermittent access to palatable food. Neural similarities include the overlap in brain regions involved in food and drug craving. Decreased dopamine D2 receptor availability in the striatum has been found in animal models of binge eating, after cocaine self-administration in animals as well as in drug addiction and obesity in humans. To further explore the neurobiological basis of food addiction, it is essential to have an animal model to test the addictive potential of palatable food. A recently developed animal model for drug addiction involves three behavioral characteristics that are based on the DSM-IV criteria: i) extremely high motivation to obtain the drug, ii) difficulty in limiting drug seeking even in periods of explicit non-availability, iii) continuation of drug-seeking despite negative consequences. Indeed, it has been shown that a subgroup of rats, after prolonged cocaine self-administration, scores positive on these three criteria. If food possesses addictive properties, then food-addicted rats should also meet these criteria while searching for and consuming food. In this review we discuss evidence from literature regarding food addiction-like behavior. We also suggest future experiments that could further contribute to our understanding of behavioral and neural commonalities and differences between obesity and drug addiction.

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“…One possible shared neural mechanism is a decrease in dopamine D2 receptor availability in the striatum that is found in both disorders [20–24], a finding that was confirmed in an animal model of compulsive eating [25]. Other similarities include a similar brain activity pattern following craving and suppression of craving [26–30] and co-occurrence with an impulsive personality or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [31–36]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Control over Palatable Food Intake in Rats Is Associated with Habitual Behavior and Relapse Vulnerability: Individual Differences

et al. 2013

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The worldwide obesity epidemic poses an enormous and growing threat to public health. However, the neurobehavioral mechanisms of overeating and obesity are incompletely understood. It has been proposed that addiction-like processes may underlie certain forms of obesity, in particular those associated with binge eating disorder. To investigate the role of addiction-like processes in obesity, we adapted a model of cocaine addiction-like behavior in rats responding for highly palatable food. Here, we tested whether rats responding for highly palatable chocolate Ensure would come to show three criteria of addiction-like behavior, i.e., high motivation, continued seeking despite signaled non-availability and persistence of seeking despite aversive consequences. We also investigated whether exposure to a binge model (a diet consisting of alternating periods of limited food access and access to highly palatable food), promotes the appearance of food addiction-like behavior. Our data show substantial individual differences in control over palatable food seeking and taking, but no distinct subgroup of animals showing addiction-like behavior could be identified. Instead, we observed a wide range extending from low to very high control over palatable food intake. Exposure to the binge model did not affect control over palatable food seeking and taking, however. Animals that showed low control over palatable food intake (i.e., scored high on the three criteria for addiction-like behavior) were less sensitive to devaluation of the food reward and more prone to food-induced reinstatement of extinguished responding, indicating that control over palatable food intake is associated with habitual food intake and vulnerability to relapse. In conclusion, we present an animal model to assess control over food seeking and taking. Since diminished control over food intake is a major factor in the development of obesity, understanding its behavioral and neural underpinnings may facilitate improved management of the obesity epidemic.

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Impulsivity in animal models for drug abuse disorders

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Dissecting impulsivity and its relationships to drug addictions

Dissecting impulsivity and its relationships to drug addictions

Towards an Animal Model of Food Addiction

Low Control over Palatable Food Intake in Rats Is Associated with Habitual Behavior and Relapse Vulnerability: Individual Differences

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