Impulsively generated two-fluid magnetoacoustic-gravity waves: Solar chromosphere heating and plasma outflows

Abstract

Context. We use a two-fluid model to study the heating of the solar chromosphere by magnetoacoustic and magnetoacoustic-gravity waves. In the model, we include energy dissipation as a result of ion-neutral collisions. Aims. The aim of this paper is to study impulsively generated two-fluid magnetoacoustic and magnetoacoustic-gravity waves and to quantify their contribution to chromosphere heating and the generation of plasma outflows. Methods. We consider a 2D model of the gravitationally stratified and partially ionized solar atmosphere that is permeated by a vertical magnetic field. To describe the dynamics of the atmosphere, we use a set of two-fluid equations which we solve numerically with the use of the JOANNA code. Results. We show that large-amplitude impulsively generated magnetoacoustic-gravity waves can efficiently heat the chromosphere and generate plasma outflows in the low solar corona. The chromosphere is heated by ion-neutral collisions which are most effective at the top of this atmospheric layer. Wider and larger amplitude pulses heat the atmosphere more effectively and generate faster plasma outflows. Conclusions. Large-amplitude, impulsively generated two-fluid magnetoacoustic-gravity waves have the potential to contribute to the solar chromosphere heating and plasma outflows in the low corona.