Impulsive choice and environmental enrichment: Effects of d-amphetamine and methylphenidate

Perry, Jennifer L.; Stairs, Dustin J.; Bardo, Michael T.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.04.019

Cited by 123 publications

(125 citation statements)

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“…MPH administration, however, dose-dependently increased impulsive choice in enriched condition animals. In isolation condition rats, MPH dose-dependently decreased impulsivity (Perry, Stairs, & Bardo, 2008). The finding of improved performance accuracy with MPH in the low care participants may be explained on the basis of decreased prefrontal dopamine levels as a function of maternal deprivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Behavioral response to methylphenidate challenge: Influence of early life parental care

Engert

Joober

Meaney

et al. 2009

Developmental Psychobiology

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Rat studies have shown that pups subjected to suboptimal rearing conditions exhibited permanently dysregulated dopamine activity and altered behavioral responses to dopamine stimulation. In humans, heightened stress-induced mesoaccumbens dopamine release in adults reporting low maternal care experience has been shown. We explored the relationship between quality of parental care and behavioral responsivity to reward and 20 mg of the dopamine agonist methylphenidate (MPH). Forty-three male university students accomplished a monetarily rewarded card-sorting task in a placebo controlled between-subjects study design. In participants scoring above the cut-off score for high parental care as assessed by the Parental Bonding Inventory, MPH decreased performance accuracy in the reward condition of the task. Contrarily, reward-induced performance accuracy of low care participants was enhanced with MPH. Activity measures in response to reward and MPH were uninfluenced by parental care. This is the first human study to reveal that the behavioral MPH response interacts with early life parental care experience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Behavioral response to methylphenidate challenge: Influence of early life parental care

Engert

Joober

Meaney

et al. 2009

Developmental Psychobiology

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“…For example, neuropharmacological manipulation of rats' nucleus accumbens led to preferences for small, immediate rewards over large, delayed ones [84]. Social isolation caused the same effect in rats [85], in addition to altering levels of dopamine transporter protein in the nucleus accumbens [86]. Limbic function may be tied to captive animals' ARBs: for example, crib-biting horses had higher nucleus accumbens dopamine receptor densities than did non-crib-biters [87], and the frequency of pigs' spontaneous chain-chewing, before amphetamine administration, correlated positively with subsequent amphetamine-induced locomotion [88], an accumbens-mediated response [89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent perseveration correlates with abnormal repetitive locomotion in adult mink but is not reduced by environmental enrichment

Ahloy‐Dallaire

Meagher

Díez-León

et al. 2011

Behavioural Brain Research

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a b s t r a c tWe analysed the relationship between abnormal repetitive behaviour (ARB), the presence/absence of environmental enrichment, and two types of behavioural disinhibition in farmed American mink, Neovison vison. The first type, recurrent perseveration, the inappropriate repetition of already completed responses, was assessed using three indices of excessive response repetition and patterning in a biascorrected serial two-choice guessing task. The second type, disinhibition of prepotent responses to reward cues, a form of impulsivity, was tested in a locomotive detour task adapted from primate reaching tasks: subjects were required to walk around, rather than directly into, a transparent barrier behind which food was visible. In older adult females, recurrent perseveration positively predicted pre-feeding abnormal repetitive locomotion (ARL) in Non-enriched housing. High-ARL subjects also performed repeated (same-choice) responses more rapidly than low-ARL animals, even when statistically controlling for alternated (different-choice) response latency. Mink performed much less ARL following transfer to Enriched housing, but there was no corresponding change in recurrent perseveration. Thus, elevated recurrent perseveration is not sufficient for frequent ARL; and while captive environments do determine ARL frequency, in mink, they do not necessarily do so by modifying levels of perseveration. Disinhibition of prepotent responses to reward cues, meanwhile, did not predict ARL. In a separate sample of differentially housed young adults, neither type of behavioural disinhibition predicted ARL, and again, whether or not housing was enriched did not affect behavioural disinhibition despite affecting ARL. Thus, the relationship between recurrent perseveration and ARB may only develop with age; longitudinal studies are now required for confirmation.

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“…SC rats were pair-housed and handled daily but were not provided with any novel objects. The rats were presented with the same reward discrimination task used by Marshall et al (2014) described above with the magnitudes of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:3, and 2:4 on the small 2002; Hill, Covarrubias, Terry, & Sanabria, 2012;Kirkpatrick et al, 2014;Marusich & Bardo, 2009;Perry, Stairs, & Bardo, 2008;Zeeb, Wong, & Winstanley, 2013). One potential mechanism that could explain this pattern of results is that the increased reward sensitivity in the IC rats may have produced greater sensitivity to local rates of reward, which would lead to momentary maximizing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Individual Differences in Impulsive and Risky Choice in Rats

Kirkpatrick¹,

Marshall²,

Smith³

2015

CCBR

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Individual differences in impulsive and risky choice are key risk factors for a variety of maladaptive behaviors such as drug abuse, gambling, and obesity. In our rat model, ordered individual differences are stable across choice parameters and months of testing, and span a broad spectrum, suggesting that rats, like humans, exhibit trait-level impulsive and risky choice behaviors. In addition, impulsive and risky choices are highly correlated, suggesting a degree of correspondence between these two traits. An examination of the underlying cognitive mechanisms has suggested an important role for timing processes in impulsive choice. In addition, in an examination of genetic factors in impulsive choice, the Lewis rat strain emerged as a possible animal model for studying disordered impulsive choice, with this strain demonstrating deficient delay processing. Early rearing environment also affected impulsive behaviors, with rearing in an enriched environment promoting adaptable and more self-controlled choices. The combined results with impulsive choice suggest an important role for timing and reward sensitivity in moderating impulsive behaviors. Relative reward valuation also affects risky choice, with manipulation of objective reward value (relative to an alternative reference point) resulting in loss chasing behaviors that predicted overall risky choice behaviors. The combined results are discussed in relation to domain-specific versus domain-general subjective reward valuation processes and the potential neural substrates of impulsive and risky choice. Keywords: impulsive choice; risky choice; discounting; individual differences; ratImpulsive choice is measured by presenting a choice between a smaller reward that is available sooner (the SS) and a larger reward that is available later (the LL). Thus, the impulsive choice paradigm pits reward magnitude against delay to reward by essentially asking whether an individual is willing to wait longer to receive a better outcome (Mazur, 1987(Mazur, , 2007. Impulsive choice is indicated by preferences for the SS, particularly when those choices lead to less overall reward earning, and are thus maladaptive, whereas choices of the LL (when it is more objectively valuable) are indicative of greater self-control. Individual differences in impulsive choice are associated with numerous maladaptive behaviors and disorders such as: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; Barkley, Edwards, Laneri, Fletcher, & Metevia, 2001;Solanto et al., 2001;Sonuga-Barke, 2002;Sonuga-Barke, Taylor, Sembi, & Smith, 1992), pathological gambling (Alessi & Petry, 2003;MacKillop et al., 2011;Reynolds, Ortengren, Richards, & de Wit, 2006), obesity (Davis, Patte, Curtis, & Reid, 2010), and substance abuse (Bickel & Marsch, 2001). Additionally, impulsive choice has also been posited as a primary risk factor (MacKillop et al., 2011;Verdejo-García, Lawrence, & Clark, 2008) and 46 COMPARATIVE COGNITION & BEHAVIOR REVIEWSKirkpatrick, Marshall, and Smith predictor of treatment outcomes (Broos, Dierg...

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Impulsive choice and environmental enrichment: Effects of d-amphetamine and methylphenidate

Cited by 123 publications

References 91 publications

Behavioral response to methylphenidate challenge: Influence of early life parental care

Behavioral response to methylphenidate challenge: Influence of early life parental care

Recurrent perseveration correlates with abnormal repetitive locomotion in adult mink but is not reduced by environmental enrichment

Mechanisms of Individual Differences in Impulsive and Risky Choice in Rats

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