Impulse breakdown voltages of air gaps: a new approach to atmospheric correction factors applicable to international standards

Ortéga, Pascal; Waters, R. T.; Haddad, A.; Hameed, Rehan; Davies, Annette

doi:10.1109/tdei.2007.4401234

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Results from Figure 4 show clear differences between the different correction factors found in the technical literature, differences that tend to increase with the increasing altitude. From these results it is clear that the correction factor found in Ortéga et al [66] sets a bottom limit.…”

Section: Conductors Of Circular Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Therefore, according to Equation (22), as the altitude increases by 1000 m, the negative corona inception voltage decreases by 8.95% whereas the positive one decreases by 9.15%, so these trends are not in close agreement with Peek's formula [65]. Ortéga et al [66] proposed a correction factor for the 50% breakdown voltage U 50 of rod-plane air gaps subjected to positive-polarity lightning impulses based on laboratory tests, combining the effects of humidity and density:…”

Section: Conductors Of Circular Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Bian et al [65] four-bundle conductors, DC U c,dc [66] Rod-plane gap; +impulse Table 4 as a function of the altitude above sea level taking into account the standard atmospheric conditions in Table 4.…”

Section: Conductors Of Circular Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Voltage Correction Factors for Air-Insulated Transmission Lines Operating in High-Altitude Regions to Limit Corona Activity: A Review

Riba

Larzelere²,

Rickmann

2018

Energies

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Nowadays there are several transmission lines projected to be operating in high-altitude regions. It is well known that the installation altitude has an impact on the dielectric behavior of air-insulated systems. As a result, atmospheric and voltage correction factors must be applied in air-insulated transmission systems operating in high-altitude conditions. This paper performs an exhaustive literature review, including state-of-the-art research papers and International Standards of the available correction factors to limit corona activity and ensure proper performance when planning air-insulated transmission lines intended for high-altitude areas. It has been found that there are substantial differences among the various correction methods, differences that are more evident at higher altitudes. Most high-voltage standards were not conceived to test samples to be installed in high-altitude regions and, therefore, most high-voltage laboratories are not ready to face this issue, since more detailed information is required. It is proposed to conduct more research on this topic so that the atmospheric corrections and altitude correction factors found in the current International Standards can be updated and/or modified so that high-voltage components to be installed in high-altitude regions can be tested with more accuracy, taking into account their insulation structure.

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Section: Conductors Of Circular Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Conductors Of Circular Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Voltage Correction Factors for Air-Insulated Transmission Lines Operating in High-Altitude Regions to Limit Corona Activity: A Review

Riba

Larzelere²,

Rickmann

2018

Energies

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“…Equation (9) indicates that the hot stick safety margin in low-altitude areas is 3.04. The line worker's safety can be guaranteed with this level of safety margin.…”

Section: B Hot Stick Minimum Approach Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

AC Flashover Performance of FRP Hot Stick for Live Working in High Altitude Areas

Fang

Wang

Li³

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) hot sticks are the most common tool used in live working on 10-kV overhead power lines. However, the flashover voltage of hot sticks significantly decreases with increase in altitude. Until now, test data for live working in areas where the altitude exceeds 3000 m have not been available. In this paper, an experimental study on the flashover performance of the FRP hot sticks was carried out in different high-altitude areas. Power frequency discharge tests were performed in Yambajan (4300 m), Lhasa (3600 m), Nyingchi (2900 m), and Wuhan (28 m), respectively. The flashover characteristics in different areas were obtained and analyzed, and a voltage correction method was proposed. Based on these test results, the minimum approach distance of hot stick in high-altitude conditions was determined, and the safety margin was verified. The test results show that for altitudes between 2500 and 4500 m, the hot stick flashover voltage decreases by 7.725% with every 1000 m of altitude increase, and the minimum approach distance of hot stick is 0.6 m (without end fitting) and 0.9 m (with end fitting), and the safety margin is 3. INDEX TERMSLive working, FRP hot stick, high altitude, voltage correction, minimum approach distance for tool.

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“…Referring to [25] where U 50 of rod-plane air gap is represented as a function of both air density and absolute humidity, a fitting formula is obtained below U 50 = 5.678 × (79.319 × d × r + 0.028 × H + 1.642) × I −0.018 × g 0.003 20 (4) where ρ is the air density. The determination coefficient of this formula is 0.997.…”

Section: Relationship Between U 50 and Ambient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Positive switching impulse discharge performance of rod‐plane short air gap under rain conditions

Jiang

Yuan

Shu

et al. 2015

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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Impulse breakdown voltages of air gaps: a new approach to atmospheric correction factors applicable to international standards

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Voltage Correction Factors for Air-Insulated Transmission Lines Operating in High-Altitude Regions to Limit Corona Activity: A Review

Voltage Correction Factors for Air-Insulated Transmission Lines Operating in High-Altitude Regions to Limit Corona Activity: A Review

AC Flashover Performance of FRP Hot Stick for Live Working in High Altitude Areas

Positive switching impulse discharge performance of rod‐plane short air gap under rain conditions

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