Improvised, emergency peritoneal dialysis in children with acute kidney injury amid war in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: two teaching cases

Perilous medicine in Tigray: a systematic review

“…We contacted MSF, UNOCHA, and NRC on 24/10/2022 if there was any report on conflict and health in Tigray between 2020 and 2022, but none of them responded until the submission date of the paper for publication. Finally, we identified 41 documents for data extraction [ 5 – 7 , 15 – 52 ] (Fig. 2 ).…”

“…2 ). Of all documents, 24 are commentaries [ 5 , 6 , 15 – 36 ], 9 are original articles [ 7 , 37 – 44 ] (2 studies used primary data), 3 are reports [ 45 – 47 ], 3 are letters [ 48 – 50 ], and 2 are case studies [ 51 , 52 ]; and 34 studies were published in 2022 (Fig. 3 ).…”

“…hospitals, health centres and health posts, health or aid workers, patients, ambulances or aid trucks. Twenty-four (24) documents described attacks on infrastructure [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 18 – 22 , 24 – 26 , 28 – 32 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 44 – 46 , 49 ], 13 on health personnel or aid workers [ 5 – 7 , 19 – 21 , 24 , 27 , 31 , 44 – 46 , 52 ], 9 on ambulances or aid trucks [ 5 , 7 , 19 , 20 , 24 , 32 , 33 , 45 , 46 ], and 5 reported closing roads/checkpoints to patients or gender-based survivors [ 18 , 30 , 35 , 45 , 46 ]. The studies found that health facilities were deliberately destroyed, vandalized, occupied, and/or used as weapon of war.…”

“…Aid workers of different NGOs were also threatened. For example, The Lancet ’s medical reporter, Devi S, reported that UN aid workers were threatened by airstrike [ 31 ] and stopped by an Ethiopian military convoy even if they had MSF-marked vehicle [ 32 ]; Human Rights Watch (HRW) [ 45 ] revealed the intimidation of health workers and humanitarian aid providers in Tigray, and Gebrearegay et al [ 52 ] reported the killing of 22 humanitarian aid workers.…”

“…About 70% of the documents (28) reported the interruption of health services in Tigray [ 5 – 7 , 15 – 22 , 24 – 28 , 31 – 33 , 35 , 36 , 41 , 45 , 46 , 48 – 50 , 52 ]. For example, Makoni [ 22 ] described that none of the health facilities in the region operated at their pre-war level.…”