Improving Waste Management System Efficiency and Mobility with Efficient Path MANET

Abdullah, Nibras; Al-wesabi, Ola A.; Mohammed, Badiea Abdulkarem; Al-Mekhlafi, Zeyad Ghaleb; Alazmi, Meshari; Alsaffar, Mohammad; Aljaloud, Abdulaziz; Baklizi, Mahmoud; Sumari, Putra

doi:10.3390/app112211039

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…In a smart city, the existing waste management system is transformed into a smart system via the IoT concept. Several studies have attempted to develop an intelligent system for real-time, low-cost waste collection [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The following literature review focuses on current research using IoT concepts to implement intelligent solid waste management systems in Mecca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Based Waste Management System in Formal and Informal Public Areas in Mecca

Abdullah

Al-wesabi

Mohammed

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Urban areas worldwide are in the race to become smarter, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is no exception. Many of these have envisaged a chance to establish devoted municipal access networks to assist all kinds of city administration and preserve services needing data connectivity. Organizations unanimously concentrate on sustainability issues with key features of general trends, particularly the combination of the 3Rs (reduce waste, reuse and recycle resources). This paper demonstrates how the incorporation of the Internet of Things (IoT) with data access networks, geographic information systems and combinatorial optimization can contribute to enhancing cities’ administration systems. A waste-gathering approach based on supplying smart bins is introduced by using an IoT prototype embedded with sensors, which can read and convey bin volume data over the Internet. However, from another perspective, the population and residents’ attitudes directly affect the control of the waste management system. The conventional waste collection system does not cover all areas in the city. It works based on a planned scheme that is implemented by the authorized organization focused on specific popular and formal areas. The conventional system cannot observe a real-time update of the bin status to recognize whether the waste level condition is ‘full,’ ‘not full,’ or ‘empty.’ This paper uses IoT in the container and trucks that secure the overflow and separation of waste. Waste source locations and population density influence the volume of waste generation, especially waste food, as it has the highest amount of waste generation. The open public area and the small space location problems are solved by proposing different truck sizes based on the waste type. Each container is used for one type of waste, such as food, plastic and others, and uses the optimization algorithm to calculate and find the optimal route toward the full waste container. In this work, the situations in KSA are evaluated, and relevant aspects are explored. Issues relating to the sustainability of organic waste management are conceptually analyzed. A genetic-based optimization algorithm for waste collection transportation enhances the performance of waste-gathering truck management. The selected routes based on the volume status and free spaces of the smart bins are the most effective through those obtainable towards the urgent smart bin targets. The proposed system outperforms other systems by reducing the number of locations and smart bins that have to be visited by 46% for all waste types, whereas the conventional and existing systems have to visit all locations every day, resulting in high cost and consumption time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Based Waste Management System in Formal and Informal Public Areas in Mecca

Abdullah

Al-wesabi

Mohammed

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The similar na ture of IoT and Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) allows several MANET protocols t be implemented with some modifications and termed as IoT-based MANET, as this als provides a smooth transfer of technology from MANET, WSN, and similar technologie to IoT. Some applications of MANET include waste management systems [6], the use o MANET and VANET in smart cities [7], healthcare [8], etc. Smart applications in 5G New Radio (NR) are classified into three major categories, including enhanced Mobile Broad band (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC), and massive Ma chine Type Communication (mMTC), as mentioned in Figure 1 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queue-Buffer Optimization Based on Aggressive Random Early Detection in Massive NB-IoT MANET for 5G Applications

2022

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Elements in massive narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) for 5G networks suffer severely from packet drops due to queue overflow. Active Queue Management (AQM) techniques help in maintaining queue length by dropping packets early, based on certain defined parameters. In this paper, we have proposed an AQM technique, called Aggressive Random Early Detection (AgRED) which, in comparison to previously used Random Early Detection (RED) and exponential RED technique, improves the overall end-to-end delay, throughput, and packet delivery ratio of the massive NB-IoT 5G network while using UDP. This improvement has been achieved due to a sigmoid function used by the AgRED technique, which aggressively and randomly drops the incoming packets preventing them from filling the queue. Because of the incorporation of the AgRED technique, the queue at different nodes will remain available throughout the operation of the network and the probability of delivering the packets will increase. We have analyzed and compared the performance of our proposed AgRED technique and have found that the performance gain for the proposed technique is higher than other techniques (RED and exponential RED) and passive queue management techniques (drop-tail and drop-head). The improvement in results is most significant in congested network deployment scenarios and provides improvements in massive Machine Type Communication, while also supporting ultra-low latency and reliable communication for 5G applications.

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Design of routing protocol with the internet of things devices over mobile ad hoc networks

Deepa

Sridhar

2023

SIViP

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Improving Waste Management System Efficiency and Mobility with Efficient Path MANET

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

IoT-Based Waste Management System in Formal and Informal Public Areas in Mecca

IoT-Based Waste Management System in Formal and Informal Public Areas in Mecca

Queue-Buffer Optimization Based on Aggressive Random Early Detection in Massive NB-IoT MANET for 5G Applications

Design of routing protocol with the internet of things devices over mobile ad hoc networks

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