Abstract:In this contribution we investigate the performance of the UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) physical layer using turbo coding and 64QAM with Gray mapping. We show how the mapping of systematic and parity bits to the six different bit positions defining one complex 64QAM symbol influences the convergence of the turbo decoder and thereby the bit error rate (BER) performance as well as number of necessary decoding iterations. Exploiting the unequal error protection (UEP) property of Gray mapped 64QAM results in an … Show more
“…In Reference Lüders et al applied the technique of prioritization QAM constellation mapping, which is achieved by making use of the unequal error protection (UEP) property of the QAM constellation such that an increased protection is provided to the systematic information bits. The authors of Reference have proposed a system combining prioritized constellation mapping, adaptive sign difference ratio (SDR)‐based extrinsic information scaling, and joint source channel decoding (JSCD) in order to enhance the error performance of turbo‐coded 64‐QAM.…”
Non‐binary turbo codes (TCs) have become an important class of TCs following the adoption of duo‐binary TCs (DBTCs) in the digital video broadcasting with return channel via satellite (DVB‐RCS) standard. Several hierarchical modulation (HM) schemes for binary TCs have been proposed with a view to enhancing their performance. However, the existing techniques make use of fixed parameters throughout the Eb/N0 range and have not been applied to non‐binary TCs. In this paper, optimum parameters have been derived from exhaustive simulations for performing HM with 8‐PSK integrated with DBTCs. To validate the improved error performances obtained with the optimized parameters for HM, EXIT charts have been generated. Moreover, a model that could predict the optimized parameters at each Eb/N0 using K‐nearest neighbor (K‐NN)‐based binary classification has been derived from the results of exhaustive simulations. Significant improvement in error performances have been observed with the proposed scheme. For example, with a couple length of 48, code rate of 1/3 or 1/2, and 8‐PSK modulation, a significant average gain of 0.5 dB is obtained over conventional DBTCs without HM.
“…In Reference Lüders et al applied the technique of prioritization QAM constellation mapping, which is achieved by making use of the unequal error protection (UEP) property of the QAM constellation such that an increased protection is provided to the systematic information bits. The authors of Reference have proposed a system combining prioritized constellation mapping, adaptive sign difference ratio (SDR)‐based extrinsic information scaling, and joint source channel decoding (JSCD) in order to enhance the error performance of turbo‐coded 64‐QAM.…”
Non‐binary turbo codes (TCs) have become an important class of TCs following the adoption of duo‐binary TCs (DBTCs) in the digital video broadcasting with return channel via satellite (DVB‐RCS) standard. Several hierarchical modulation (HM) schemes for binary TCs have been proposed with a view to enhancing their performance. However, the existing techniques make use of fixed parameters throughout the Eb/N0 range and have not been applied to non‐binary TCs. In this paper, optimum parameters have been derived from exhaustive simulations for performing HM with 8‐PSK integrated with DBTCs. To validate the improved error performances obtained with the optimized parameters for HM, EXIT charts have been generated. Moreover, a model that could predict the optimized parameters at each Eb/N0 using K‐nearest neighbor (K‐NN)‐based binary classification has been derived from the results of exhaustive simulations. Significant improvement in error performances have been observed with the proposed scheme. For example, with a couple length of 48, code rate of 1/3 or 1/2, and 8‐PSK modulation, a significant average gain of 0.5 dB is obtained over conventional DBTCs without HM.
“…UEP can be performed on QAM constellations by the bit-reordering scheme proposed in [9]. The authors [9] combined LTE Turbo codes with QAM and then UEP was used to protect the systematic bits more than the parity bits. This provided significant performance gains [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The authors [9] combined LTE Turbo codes with QAM and then UEP was used to protect the systematic bits more than the parity bits. This provided significant performance gains [9]. In [10], the authors extended the work of [9] with joint source channel decoding for LTE Turbo codes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This provided significant performance gains [9]. In [10], the authors extended the work of [9] with joint source channel decoding for LTE Turbo codes. The same UEP principle was applied to IEEE 802.11n LDPC codes along with a modified hybrid ARQ scheme in [11].…”
Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes are among the most popular channel codes used nowadays because of their ability to achieve near channel capacity performances. However, with the ever-increasing demand for reliable transmission of data at higher data rates, there is a need to narrow down the gap between the performance of LDPC codes and the channel capacity. LDPC codes and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) have been widely deployed in wireless communication standards such as the IEEE 802.11n and Digital Video Broadcasting-Second Generation Terrestrial (DVB-T2). Recently, several Unequal Error Protection (UEP) schemes have been used to enhance the performance of LDPC codes. In this paper an UEP scheme is proposed for Non-Binary LDPC codes with QAM. The scheme uses the statistical distribution of the source symbols to obtain a more efficient statistical QAM constellation. Additionally, it uses the degree distribution of the nodes of the LDPC codeword to achieve prioritized QAM mapping. Simulations revealed that the proposed scheme can provide E b /N 0 gains of up to 0.78 dB and 1.24 dB with 16-QAM and 64-QAM respectively in the range BER≤10-2 .
“…Simulation results showed that the EEP schemes were outperformed by the new proposed UEP scheme. In [5], it was demonstrated that prioritized QAM constellation mapping has a positive impact on the error performance of Turbo Codes by using the UEP characteristics of the QAM constellation where the systematic information bits are given a higher protection. A robust transmission of H.264/AVC coded video using hierarchical QAM (HQAM) was presented in [6].…”
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a wireless broadband communication technology which is highly used for the transmission of data and voice over the internet. However, due to noise and other channel deteriorations, the transfer of data and voice over LTE is very challenging. With the phenomenal increase of data and voice traffic, the management of Quality of Service (QoS) is a challenging problem. This paper presents an enhanced audio transmission scheme with two levels of Unequal Error Protection (UEP) for audio over LTE. The unequal importance of the bits generated by an MP3 codec as well as the varying importance of the bitstreams generated by a Turbo encoder is exploited and different level of protection are offered to them during LTE transmission. This is achieved by positioning the different bits in such a way so that the least important ones are given less protection than the more important bits. With 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), the proposed two level UEP scheme provides an average gain of 22.36 dB in Segmented Signal to Noise Ratio (SSNR) over a conventional Equal Error Protection (EEP) one at a Turbo code rate of 1/2.
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