Improving Triboelectric Nanogenerators Performance Via Interface Tribological Optimization: A Review

Abstract

Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) represent a novel energy harvesting technology that combines contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction, rendering them a promising solution for self‐powering micro smart devices and addressing the energy crisis. At present, the efficiency and longevity of TENGs have been substantially improved through various methods. These advancements have overcome the limitations caused by interface friction, expanding the scalability and practical applications of TENGs. Specifically, it has been demonstrated that interface tribological optimization can simultaneously enhance electrical output performance and durability. This review will initially discuss the fundamental mechanism of TENGs and its profound connection with tribology. Subsequently, the optimization of interface tribology, encompassing structure design, surface modification, and lubricant utilization, will be comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects will be summarized.