Improving Transport Infrastructure in Russia

Alexander, Kolik; Radziwiłł, Artur; Turdyeva, Natalia

doi:10.1787/5js4hmcs3mxp-en

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The changes in the sample come from adjusting the period scope [Model (1) to (3)] and excluding provincial capitals and municipalities [Model (4) to (6)]. The HSR coefficients remain significantly positive in Table 3, except for model (5) 4 . Model (5)'s insignificance might be due to endogenous recognition across cities, and a heterogeneous effect will be discussed later.…”

Section: Changes In the Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

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How Does High-Speed Rail Impact the Industry Structure? Evidence from China

2022

Urban Rail Transit

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The economic implications of high-speed rail (HSR) cannot be overlooked in China. This paper studies the impact of HSR on the advancement and rationalization of industrial structure and the tertiary industry aggregation through theoretical derivation and multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) by improving the theoretical framework and empirical methods according to the characteristics of China's HSR and economic development. From analyses on urban heterogeneity and inter-industry spillover effects, the transmission mechanism and expressions of the industrial structure are also discussed. The findings show that HSR promotes tertiary industry aggregation and contributes to the transformation of the industrial structure from the primary to secondary and tertiary industry sectors, as well as realizing industrial structure advancement but irrationalization. Furthermore, HSR has a more significant influence on tertiary industry aggregation in large cities and high-density cities. Additionally, the aggregation of the transportation, warehousing, and postal sectors has been reduced, with a significant spillover effect on neighboring cities, proving the siphon effect and conduction mechanism, resulting in a structural shift in the tertiary industry, from basic to advanced sectors. The movement of human resources is a key mediator in the economic impact of HSR.

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Section: Changes In the Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advancement of modern transportation networks, more papers on the effect of transportation infrastructure on economic growth [3][4][5]. Since China's HSR launched late, related study on China has gradually gained significance until recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does High-Speed Rail Impact the Industry Structure? Evidence from China

2022

Urban Rail Transit

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“…That is why autonomous car driving technologies have been rapidly developing in recent years [59][60][61][62], and the possibility of removing a person from the process of driving a vehicle has been actively studied [63]. However, in recent decades, there has been a huge improvement in the road transport infrastructure in various countries [64][65][66]. Many organizational and technical solutions are devoted to the minimization of the possibility of direct contact between a pedestrian and a driver [67,68].…”

Section: The Road User Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory and Practice of Quantitative Assessment of System Harmonicity: Case of Road Safety in Russia before and during the COVID-19 Epidemic

2021

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People have had an interest in harmony issues for thousands of years; however, there is still no elaborated system of views on these questions. Ancient Greeks understood harmony as an agreement of opposites. A surge of interest in the study of the harmonic aspects of being occurred in the twentieth century due to the development of systems science, particularly regarding synergetic system effects. At the same time, there are still relatively few applications of synergetics because of the absence of an accurate methodology for the identification of system harmonicity. The aim of this research is to develop the methodology for the quantitative assessment of system harmonicity by considering a practical example: the quantitative assessment of the harmonicity of the road safety provision system (RSS) and its dynamics during the last 15 years (2006–2020). In addition, the impact of the COVID restrictions on population mobility in Russia in 2020, on the change in the harmonicity of the road safety provision system, is considered. During the research it was established that the quality factor g of the Russian road safety provision system changed from g2006 = 1.9565 to g2020 = 2.4646, which promoted the decline of the relative entropy of the Russian road safety provision system from Hn RSS2006 = 0.8623 to Hn RSS2020 = 0.7553. The deep reason for that change was the modification of relation between “weights” or the significance of the contribution of different elements of the cause-and-effect chain in the formation of the factual level of the road accident rate in Russia in the last 15 years. The main conclusion of this research is that the harmonicity of the Russian road safety provision system, assessed by the normalized functional general utility GUn, has been increased, and it has already exceeded the level of harmonious reference systems GUn = 0.618. In fact, the normalized functional general utility GUn of the Russian road safety provision system increased from GUnRSS2006 = 0.615 to GUnRSS2020 = 0.652 (by 6.0%), from 2006 to 2020. Simultaneously, the share of the normalized used resource Xn declined, allowing a conclusion to be drawn about a significant improvement in the balance “efficiency-quality” of the Russian road safety provision system. The COVID lockdown played a positive role in this process. Harmonicity of the Russian road safety provision system, assessed by the normalized general utility GUnRSS, increased by 0.46% from 2019 to 2020.

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“…Examples of the use of CGE models for Russia include Makarov (1999) 2006), Rutherford and Tarr (2006), Kolik et al (2015), and Böhringer et al (2015).…”

Section: Models Of Computable General Equilibrium For the Russian Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Terms of Trade Shocks on the Russian Economy

Turdyeva¹

2020

RJMF

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The principal interest of the paper is the quantification of terms of trade shocks response of the Russian economy on a detailed computable general equilibrium (CGE) model calibrated with Russian input-output data. The results suggest a decrease in the welfare of the representative consumer and real GDP with the deterioration of the terms of trade. In the Central scenario (a 10% decrease in the world price of crude oil, a 3% decrease in the world price of natural gas, and a 8% decrease in the world price of petroleum products) welfare of the representative consumer decreases by -1.17% of the benchmark consumption level, or -0.58% of the base year GDP in the comparative static model. The percentage change of the GDP in the Central scenario of the comparative static model is of the same magnitude as the decrease in representative consumer's welfare in terms of the benchmark GDP (-1.55%). Welfare changes associated with the Central scenario of the steady-state model, where capital stock adjusts to its long-term level, indicate a significant decrease in the welfare of the representative consumer up to -2.64% of the benchmark consumption level, or -1.23% of the base year GDP. Percentage change of the GDP in the Central scenario of the steady-state model exceeds representative consumer's decrease in welfare in terms of the benchmark GDP (-2.51%). The model was validated by historical simulation with observed levels of exogenous parameters, mimicking change in economic environment from 2011 to 2015. The results of the historical simulation stress the importance of fiscal parameters (i.e. export taxes) in analysis of production behaviour of Russian extraction industries.

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Improving Transport Infrastructure in Russia

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

How Does High-Speed Rail Impact the Industry Structure? Evidence from China

How Does High-Speed Rail Impact the Industry Structure? Evidence from China

Theory and Practice of Quantitative Assessment of System Harmonicity: Case of Road Safety in Russia before and during the COVID-19 Epidemic

Effects of Terms of Trade Shocks on the Russian Economy

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