Improving transparency of incompatible polymer blends by reactive compatibilization

Zhang, Weiyang; Gui, Zongyan; Li, Chong; Cheng, Shujun; Dan, Cai; Gao, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2012.10.060

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, with the addition of EPDM, the bubble of PLA/EPDM (90/10) film became translucent. The opacity is caused by the presence of EPDM phase with different refractive indices …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Compatibilization of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber blends by using organic montmorillonite as a compatibilizer

Wang

Pang

Pan

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work focuses on phase morphology and properties of immiscible poly(lactic acid)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (PLA/EPDM) blends compatibilized with organic montmorillonite (OMMT). Effect of OMMT loading on phase morphology, mechanical properties, and blown film bubble stability was investigated. Transmission electron micrographs show that a large number of OMMT nanolayers locate at interfacial region between PLA and EPDM phase, as well as in EPDM phase due to higher affinity of OMMT with EPDM. Scanning electron micrographs show that EPDM domain size decreases largely with increasing OMMT loading, which is associated with reduction of interfacial energy and inhibition of coalescence by the OMMT locating at the interface, acting as an emulsifier to enwrap the discrete domains. As OMMT loading increases from 0 to 1 phr, elongation at break increases from 20.4 to 151.7% and notched impact strength is enhanced from 8.2 to 31.7 kJċm−2. The reduced EPDM domain is the main reason for enhanced toughness of PLA/EPDM/OMMT samples according to crazing with shear yielding mechanism. However, with more than 2 phr of OMMT, the toughness decreases largely due to excessive stress concentration and OMMT aggregation. Attempts were made to produce ductile films from the PLA/EPDM/OMMT nanocomposites by using blown film extrusion. Improvement in blown film bubble stability and tensile ductility of PLA/EPDM/OMMT films also shows that OMMT is an efficient compatibilizer, as well as a processing aid for PLA/EPDM blends. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44192.

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“…However, with the addition of EPDM, the bubble of PLA/EPDM (90/10) film became translucent. The opacity is caused by the presence of EPDM phase with different refractive indices …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Compatibilization of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber blends by using organic montmorillonite as a compatibilizer

Wang

Pang

Pan

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…According to OP 1 values, opacity decreases as the amount of PIM‐B increases in the blends. Taking into account the referenced literature about opaque materials indicate low miscibility, it might state that PEI/PIM‐B membranes show higher miscibility as the amount of PIM‐B increases in the blends. This result is consistent with FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and UV–vis analysis and demonstrates that miscibility increases according to the increase in CTC interactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, polymer blends can be tailored by combining different polymers and changing the blend composition. Nevertheless, polymer blend membranes possess several drawbacks related to miscibility and homogeneity of blend components . Numerous research works have demonstrated that a large number of polymers with appropriate functional groups can form inter‐association such as hydrogen bonds (H‐bond) and charge transfer complex (CTC) that enhance compatibility of immiscible blends .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved gas selectivity of polyetherimide membrane by the incorporation of PIM polyimide phase

Garcı́a

Marchese

Ochoa

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The aim of this work was to prepare blend membranes of a polyetherimide (PEI) and different ratios of a microporous polyimide (PIM‐B) in order to obtain an improved material for gas selectivity. Miscibility of the membranes was studied through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Fluorescence, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), polarize light microscope images, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Gas permeability assays were also performed. Results showed blends were partially miscible along the different ratios due to the existence of: (i) absorption shoulders at lower wavenumbers on the carbonyl stretching band; (ii) red‐shifting of Fluorescence and UV–vis absorption bands; (iii) decreasing of d‐spacing as the amount of PIM‐B phase increased; and (iv) composition‐dependent glass transition temperatures (Tgs). The mobility selectivity (Di/j) dominated H2 and O2 gas separations. High solubility coefficients (S) linked to PIM‐B microporosity improved the ideal gas selectivity of the blend membranes. PEI/PIM‐B membrane at the ratio of 80/20 showed impressive H2/CO2 (8.66) and O2/N2 (10.90) gas separation factors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44682.

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“…In general, a rubbery polymer with low T g (generally below 20 °C of the use temperature) is blended with PLA at a low ratio to create small rubber domains between 0.1 and 1.0 m with good interfacial adhesion to PLA, so that the rubber domains can dissipate the impact energy when PLA is failing through fracture [76]. Beside an improvement in toughness, different polymers have been blended to PLA to improve properties such as optical [75,77], barrier [78][79][80][81][82][83], thermal [74], and biodegradation [84][85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Tailoring Pla Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic acid)—Mass production, processing, industrial applications, and end of life

Castro‐Aguirre

Iñiguez‐Franco

Samsudin

et al. 2016

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

1,005

637

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Global awareness of material sustainability has increased the demand for bio-based polymers like poly(lactic acid) (PLA), which are seen as a desirable alternative to fossil-based polymers because they have less environmental impact. PLA is an aliphatic polyester, primarily produced by industrial polycondensation of lactic acid and/or ring-opening polymerization of lactide. Melt processing is the main technique used for mass production of PLA products for the medical, textile, plasticulture, and packaging industries. To fulfill additional desirable product properties and extend product use, PLA has been blended with other resins or compounded with different fillers such as fibers, and micro- and nanoparticles. This paper presents a review of the current status of PLA mass production, processing techniques and current applications, and also covers the methods to tailor PLA properties, the main PLA degradation reactions, PLA products' end-of-life scenarios and the environmental footprint of this unique polymer.

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Improving transparency of incompatible polymer blends by reactive compatibilization

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Compatibilization of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber blends by using organic montmorillonite as a compatibilizer

Compatibilization of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber blends by using organic montmorillonite as a compatibilizer

Improved gas selectivity of polyetherimide membrane by the incorporation of PIM polyimide phase

Poly(lactic acid)—Mass production, processing, industrial applications, and end of life

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