Improving topology error identification through considering parameter and measurement errors

An Optimization-Based Topology Error Detection Method for Power System State Estimation

“…The normalized residual method forms the basis for this method. The method proposed in [13] also uses normalized Lagrange multipliers to identify the topology errors with the consideration of bad data and inaccurate network parameters. In [14], a new state estimation method is proposed based on conventional WLS formulation, which considers the status of circuit breakers as state variables.…”