Improving the Weld Heat-Affected-Zone (HAZ) Toughness of High-Strength Thick-Walled Line Pipes

Ma, Yan; Su, Lihong; Shen, Chen; Fletcher, Leigh; Li, Huijun; Sun, Leilei; Zheng, Lei; Zhang, Chuanguo

doi:10.3390/met13122018

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…As depicted in Figure 2 a,b, according to the peak temperature and cooling time during welding, the HAZ can be divided into several sub-regions, including the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ), fine-grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ), inter-critical heat-affected zone (ICHAZ), and subcritical heat-affected zone (SCHAZ) [ 30 , 31 ]. An interesting sub-region, the inter-critical reheated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (ICCGHAZ), is formed due to the tempering of the preformed CGHAZ by subsequent welding passes [ 32 , 33 ], which results in a structure that differs from the typical CGHAZ.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhomogeneous Strain Behaviors of the High Strength Pipeline Girth Weld under Longitudinal Loading

Zhang,

Ma,

Liu

et al. 2024

Materials

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Unforeseen failures in girth welds present a significant challenge for the pipeline industry. This study utilizes 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) assisted cross-weld tensile testing to analyze the strain response of high-strength thick-walled pipelines, providing essential insights into the strain migration and fracture mechanisms specific to girth welds. The results reveal that the welding process significantly affects the mechanical distribution within the girth weld. The tested Shielded Metal Arc Welded (SMAW-ed) pipe exhibited undermatched girth welds due to high heat input, while Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) introduced a narrower weld and Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ) with higher hardness than the base metal, indicative of overmatched girth welds. Strain migration, resulting from a combination of metallurgical heterogeneous materials and geometrical reinforcement strengthening, progressed from the softer HAZ to the base metal in the SMAW-ed sample with reinforcement, ultimately leading to fracture in the base metal. In contrast, the GMAW-ed sample shows no strain migration. Reinforcement significantly improves the tensile strength of girth welds and effectively prevents failure in the weld region. Sufficient reinforcement is crucial for minimizing the risk of failure in critical areas such as the weld metal and HAZ, particularly in SMAW-ed pipes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhomogeneous Strain Behaviors of the High Strength Pipeline Girth Weld under Longitudinal Loading

Zhang,

Ma,

Liu

et al. 2024

Materials

Self Cite

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Influence of Submerged Arc Welding Current Intensity on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pressure Vessel P355N Steel

Cioroagă,

Socalici,

Cioată

et al. 2024

Materials

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This article presents a study on the influence of the intensity of the welding current on the properties of the mechanical strain strength of welded joints made by using submerged arc welding technology. The influence of the welding current on the microstructure of the welded joints was also observed in different regions of the cross-section of the welding seam. Also subject to observation was the mode of influence of the welding current on the geometry and dimensions of the welding seams. The welded samples were obtained using five different welding regimes whose main variable was the intensity of the welding current, which had values between 300 A and 700 A. The criterion used as a reference for comparing the effects produced by the studied welding regimes was a standard welding regime that is used in the industry for welding railway tank wagons, with a welding current intensity of 480 A. The base material used in the experiments was a fine-grained carbon steel specially intended for the manufacture of pressure vessels identified as P355 N; the semi-finished product from which the samples were made consisted of 6 mm thick laminated sheets used in the manufacture of the covers of the vessels that make up the railway tank wagon. The aim of this study was to highlight the differences that may appear through varying the current welding parameter and identify welding regimes that can provide welded joints with superior mechanical properties compared to what is currently employed in the industry. This study focused on the most widespread technology of welding pressure vessels: the submerged electric arc welding method.

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Improving the Weld Heat-Affected-Zone (HAZ) Toughness of High-Strength Thick-Walled Line Pipes

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Inhomogeneous Strain Behaviors of the High Strength Pipeline Girth Weld under Longitudinal Loading

Inhomogeneous Strain Behaviors of the High Strength Pipeline Girth Weld under Longitudinal Loading

Influence of Submerged Arc Welding Current Intensity on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pressure Vessel P355N Steel

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