Improving the visual outcome in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: Framework for the future

Asanad, Samuel; Frousiakis, Starleen Elizabeth; Wang, Michelle; Fantini, Michele; Sultan, William; Wood, Terry D.; Nwako, Francis U.; Karanjia, Rustum; Sadun, Alfredo A.

doi:10.1016/j.joco.2019.05.004

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Multiple Sclerosis (Ms)1

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2020

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“…The current standard of care is therapies with idebenone/quinine analogs, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), gene therapy and stem cell therapy [ 99 , 100 ].…”

Section: Multiple Sclerosis (Ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Related Disorders: A Critical Review

Gul¹,

Jafari

Shah

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) which can lead to severe disability. Several diseases can mimic the clinical manifestations of MS. This can often lead to a prolonged period that involves numerous tests and investigations before a definitive diagnosis is reached. As well as the possibility of misdiagnosis. Molecular biomarkers can play a unique role in this regard. Molecular biomarkers offer a unique view into the CNS disorders. They help us understand the pathophysiology of disease as well as guiding our diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic approaches in CNS disorders. This review highlights the most prominent molecular biomarkers found in the literature with respect to MS and its related disorders. Based on numerous recent clinical and experimental studies, we demonstrate that several molecular biomarkers could very well aid us in differentiating MS from its related disorders. The implications of this work will hopefully serve clinicians and researchers alike, who regularly deal with MS and its related disorders.

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“…The current standard of care is therapies with idebenone/quinine analogs, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), gene therapy and stem cell therapy [ 99 , 100 ].…”

Section: Multiple Sclerosis (Ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%