Improving the Tribological Behavior of Graphite/Cu Matrix Self-Lubricating Composite Contact Strip by Electroplating Zn on Graphite

Tu, C. J.; Chen, Ding; Chen, Zhen Hua; Xia, Jin Tong

doi:10.1007/s11249-008-9341-2

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Researchers tried numerous material as surface coat for enhancing anti-galling properties such as hard inorganic coatings of TiC, DLC, VN, graphite, hBN or organic coating of paraffins, microcrystalline, carnauba, polyethylene and amide waxes. Out of the above-mentioned, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyamides have good lubricating property owing to their plastic or viscoplastic behavior under applied frictional loads [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Global Fluoropolymers Market was valued at $5404 million in 2015, and is expected to reach $9034 million by 2022, registering a CAGR of 7.7% from 2016 to 2022 [71].…”

Section: Selection Of the Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review: advancements in fluoro-based polymers for aggrandizing anti-galling and wear resistant characteristics

2019

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Galling is the surface phenomenon which involves adhesion of local contact points and creation of protrusions on the juxtaposition of surfaces owing to high friction, inappropriate tribological loading, starved lubrication and high contact pressure (~ 1000 kPa). All these factors result in severe plastic deformation varying from 8000 to 10,000 µε (ε-strain) and diffusion of materials into one another, which consequently results in fatigue wear, surface roughness, tribocorrosion and seizing up of critical parts. The aim of the review is to analyze and summarizes the issue of galling, concurrently it also deals with the novel and economical mitigation method i.e. use of fluorine based coatings e.g. PTFE, owing to their lowest friction coefficient from 0.02 to 0.2 among other solids, high stiffness, high thermal stability and non-adherent characteristics that augments the mechanical and tribological properties and concurrently protect against hostile environments that eventually upsurges the life of components.

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Section: Selection Of the Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review: advancements in fluoro-based polymers for aggrandizing anti-galling and wear resistant characteristics

2019

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“…Considerable efforts have been made to study the tribological performance of copper-graphite composites. Tu et al [32] studied the tribological behavior of a zinccoated graphite-copper contact strip (ZGCCS) and a graphite-copper contact strip (GCCS) which were both derived from a graphite-copper matrix composite with self-lubricating properties. Figure 11.2 shows the variation of wear rate with sliding velocity and electrical current.…”

Section: Self-lubricating Behavior Of Copper-graphite Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the ZGCCS exhibited wear resistance superior to the GCCS, indicating the positive effect that the electroplating of zinc had on the graphite. [32] The zinc electroplating played an important role in improving the wear resistance and the wear rate of ZGCCS. In Fig.…”

Section: Self-lubricating Behavior Of Copper-graphite Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Lubricating Behavior of Graphite-Reinforced Composites

Menezes

Reeves

Rohatgi

et al. 2013

Tribology for Scientists and Engineers

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Lubricants are extensively used between contacting surfaces to reduce friction and wear. Typically, liquid lubricants are used to achieve low friction and wear. However, these lubricants are not effective in elevated temperature applications or vacuum environments. For these reasons, solid lubricants are utilized to meet these operational needs, where liquid lubrication is impractical. Solid lubricants are only effective as long as they are present in the tribo-interface. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a constant supply of solid lubricant material to the contacting surface. This is often achieved by incorporating solid lubricants as a second phase in the base material. These composite materials have the ability to achieve low friction and wear at the contact surfaces without any external supply of lubrication during sliding. Metal matrix composites reinforced with lamellar solid lubricant particles such as graphite are being used as self-lubricating materials for various engineering applications. In this chapter, the tribological behavior of metal and ceramic matrix composites reinforced with graphite particles has been reviewed. More specifically, copper-graphite, nickel-graphite, magnesiumgraphite, silver-graphite, aluminum-graphite, silicon nitride-graphite, and alumina-graphite composites are studied. The influence of various environmental and mechanical parameters on the friction coefficient and wear rate is discussed. It was found that the amount of graphite released on the worn surface forms a thin transfer film on the contact surfaces. This transfer film reduces the overall friction coefficient and wear rate. The presence of the graphite-based transfer film increases the seizure resistance and enables the contacting surfaces to run under boundary lubrication without galling. The formation and retention of this transfer film on the sliding surface as well as its composition, area fraction, thickness, and hardness are important factors in controlling the friction and wear behavior of the material. The effectiveness of the transfer film also depends on the nature of the sliding surface, the test condition, environment, and the graphite content in the composite.

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“…[25] Considerable efforts have been made to study the tribological performance of copper-graphite composites. Tu et al [36] studied the tribological behavior of zinc-coated graphite-copper matrix self-lubricating composite contact strip (ZGCCS) and common graphite-copper matrix self-lubricating composite (GCCS). Figure 17.11 shows the variation of wear rate with sliding velocity and electrical current.…”

Section: Self-lubricating Behavior Of Copper-graphite Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wear mechanism of copper-graphite composite was related to the transfer (from copper- Fig. 17.11 The variation of wear rate with a sliding velocity, and b electrical current [36] graphite composite to light weight alloys) and counter-transfer (from light weight alloys to copper-graphite composite).…”

Section: Self-lubricating Behavior Of Copper-graphite Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Lubricating Behavior of Graphite Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites

Menezes

Rohatgi

Lovell

2012

Green Energy and Technology

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Lubricants are extensively used between the contacting surfaces to reduce friction and wear. These lubricants are usually toxic and not readily biodegradable and thus these lubricants can cause considerable damage to the environment. The use of external lubricants can be eliminated by designing selflubricating composite materials. These composite materials have the ability to achieve low friction and wear at the contact surfaces without any external supply of lubrication during sliding. The metal matrix composites reinforced with various self-lubricating particles such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide are being used as self-lubricating materials for various engineering applications. In this paper, the tribological behavior of metal matrix composites reinforced with graphite particles has been reviewed. More specifically, aluminum-graphite, magnesium-graphite, copper-graphite, silver-graphite and nickel-graphite composites have been studied. The influence of various variables on the friction coefficient and wear rate is discussed. It was found that the amount of graphite released on the wear surface forms a tribo film on the contact surfaces. This reduces the overall friction coefficient and wear rate. The formation and retention of this tribo layer on the sliding surface as well as its composition, area fraction, thickness and hardness are important factors in controlling the friction and wear behavior of the material and depend on the nature of the sliding surface, the test condition, environment and the graphite content in the composite. The presence of graphite tribo layer also Keywords Friction Á Wear Á Self-lubrication Á Metal matrix composites IntroductionA lubricant is a material used to facilitate relative motion of solid bodies by minimizing friction and wear between interacting surfaces. A lubricant functions by introducing a layer of material with lower shear strength than the surfaces themselves between the sliding surfaces [1]. In some lubricated systems, the lubricant may not completely prevent asperity contact, although it will reduce it and may also reduce the strength of the junctions formed. In other cases, the lubricant completely separates the surfaces and no asperity junctions are formed at all [2]. In general, there are three categories of lubricants-liquid, solid and gaseous.Nearly all lubricants used in the automotive and manufacturing sectors are oil or grease-based. These oils include engine oils, transmission fluids, hydraulic fluids and gear oils. These products are not typically environmentally friendly or biodegradable and can introduce significant quantities of pollutants into the waste stream [3]. Thus, disposal of this very large volume of material obviously represents an environmental burden. Hence, it is very important to develop either green lubricants or composite materials which have self-lubrication properties.Composite materials are a special class of materials and are made from two or more constituent components with significantly different physical or chemical p...

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Improving the Tribological Behavior of Graphite/Cu Matrix Self-Lubricating Composite Contact Strip by Electroplating Zn on Graphite

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

A review: advancements in fluoro-based polymers for aggrandizing anti-galling and wear resistant characteristics

A review: advancements in fluoro-based polymers for aggrandizing anti-galling and wear resistant characteristics

Self-Lubricating Behavior of Graphite-Reinforced Composites

Self-Lubricating Behavior of Graphite Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites

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