Improving the technology of obtaining high-vitamin greens of minor species of perennial onions during forcing in protected ground

Abstract

In 2022-2023, experiments were conducted to study the effect of additional lighting on the growth, development, and vitamin C content of perennial onions during their forcing in protected ground in winter. Getting green vegetables in the cold season is of particular relevance in the Middle Urals, since the population during this period is particularly susceptible to immunity decrease, due to a lack of solar energy, a deficiency of vitamins and biologically active substances, therefore forced to use synthetic vitamins to strengthen its immunity. Although it is known that the vitamins contained in food bring the greatest benefit. Adding green onions to food is one of the simplest and most inexpensive ways to enrich the diet of the population. The use of perennial species of onions, which have a different appearance and taste different from each other, is also a way to diversify it. The purpose of the research: to study the effect of additional lighting on the yield of perennial onions and the vitamin C content during their forcing in winter using the method of immersion hydroponics. During the experiments, such indicators as changes in leaf length and the number of leaves on the plant, as well as individual plant productivity and yield were recorded. In addition to phenological observations, research was conducted on such indicators as the concentration of cell fluid, electrical conductivity, PH of perennial onion leaves. As a result, it was found that Allium nutans, which was grown without supplementary lighting, has the highest yield – about 2.5 kg/m2. For all the studied types of onions in 2023, results were obtained for higher electrical conductivity in onions grown with additional lighting. The difference was 27-61%. All the results obtained were processed using mathematical statistics methods. The results of experiments on the effect of additional lighting did not give unambiguous results, further more detailed study is required.