Improving the Stability and Curcumin Retention Rate of Curcumin-Loaded Filled Hydrogel Prepared Using 4αGTase-Treated Rice Starch

Abstract

In this study, 4-α-glucanotransferase (4αGTase)-treated rice starch (GS) was added after 1-h (1 GS) and 96-h (96 GS) treatments to the aqueous phase of a curcumin-loaded emulsion to produce filled hydrogels (1 GS-FH and 96 GS-FH, respectively). The relative protective effects of the FH system, native rice starch-based filled hydrogel (RS-FH), and emulsion without starch (EM), on curcumin were evaluated based on ultraviolet (UV) stability and simulated gastrointestinal studies. The UV stability and curcumin retention after in vitro digestion of the filled hydrogels (FH) samples were greater than those of the EM samples. RS-FH showed a 2.28-fold improvement in UV stability over EM due to the higher viscosity of RS. 1 GS-FH and 96 GS-FH increased curcumin retention by 2.31- and 2.60-fold, respectively, and the microstructure of 96 GS-FH, determined using confocal laser microscopy, remained stable even after the stomach phase. These effects were attributed to the molecular structure of GS, with decreased amylopectin size and amylose content resulting from the enzyme treatment. The encapsulation of lipids within the GS hydrogel particles served to protect and deliver the curcumin component, suggesting that GS-FH can be applied to gel-type food products and improve the chemical stability of curcumin.

Influence of fish skin gelatin–sodium alginate complex stabilized emulsion on benzyl isothiocyanate stability and digestibilityin vitroandin vivo

“…After intestinal digestion, a higher final BITC retention rate in the FSG–Alg emulsion was observed, reaching 85.80% ± 6.55%, compared to only 57.73% ± 8.35% in the FSG emulsion. These results were consistent with those of previous studies 34 . The FSG–Alg emulsion provided BITC better protection from degradation during in vitro digestion.…”

“…These results were consistent with those of previous studies. 34 The FSG-Alg emulsion provided BITC better protection from degradation during in vitro digestion.…”

Next-Generation Hydrogels as Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Exploring the Role of Curcumin

“…Later on, several scientists developed methods for high yield synthesis of curcumin which are in use today . Curcumin is the most widely used plant-based drug with various pharmacological benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasite, and anti-cancer. − Numerous preclinical studies have proven curcumin to be effective in several cancers because of curcumin’s capability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest, trigger apoptosis, induce autophagy, disturb molecular signaling, inhibit invasion and metastasis, and increase the efficiency of existing chemotherapeutics. , The inflammatory response of curcumin is often steered by the radical production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). , Consequently, the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines may effectively reduce the incidence of inflammation . Curcumin is also involved in other signaling pathways like it induces degranulation in human neutrophils by increasing the cell surface expression of clusters of differentiation 35 (CD35), CD66b, and CD63 .…”

“…62,63 Consequently, the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines may effectively reduce the incidence of inflammation. 64 Curcumin is also involved in other signaling pathways like it induces degranulation in human neutrophils by increasing the cell surface expression of clusters of differentiation 35 (CD35), CD66b, and CD63. 65 However, its clinical usage is limited due to its low bioavailability and poor water solubility.…”

“…Despite promising biological properties, low cost, and availability in bulk, a limited number of human clinical trials have been reported for curcumin and its derivatives. , The major challenge for human application of curcumin is its poor bioavailability resulting from low solubility and stability . Following the administration of substantial doses of curcumin, its plasma level becomes negligible within hours. , Considering the unique properties of hydrogels, they can improve the bioavailability, solubility, and stability of curcumin for medical applications ,,− (Table ). This delivery system also provides the opportunity to be decorated with specific targeting ligands directing the payload to the precise site of action. , This leads to the reduction of side effects while it increases the pharmacological activity in the target site .…”