Improving the knowledge of pesticide and nitrate transfer processes using age-dating tools (CFC, SF6, 3H) in a volcanic island (Martinique, French West Indies)

Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) detected in groundwater may have adverse effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems. This paper reviews the existing occurrence data in groundwater for a range of EOCs including pharmaceutical, personal care, 'life-style' and selected industrial compounds. The main sources and pathways for organic EOCs in groundwater are reviewed, with occurrence data for EOCs in groundwater included from both targeted studies and broad reconnaissance surveys. Nanogram-microgram per litre concentrations are present in groundwater for a large range of EOCs as well as metabolites and transformation products and under certain conditions may pose a threat to freshwater bodies for decades due to relatively long groundwater residence times. In the coming decades, more of these EOCs are likely to have drinking water standards, environmental quality standards and/or groundwater threshold values defined, and therefore a better understanding of the spatial and temporal variation remains a priority.Keywords: emerging contaminants; review; groundwater; pharmaceuticals; occurrence Capsule: A large range of emerging organic contaminants are now being detected in groundwater as a result of recent and historical anthropogenic activities. IntroductionA diverse array of synthetic organic compounds are used by society in vast quantities for a range of purposes including the production and preservation of food, industrial manufacturing processes, as well as for human and animal healthcare. In the last few decades there has been a growing interest in the occurrence of these, so called, 'micro-organic contaminants' in the terrestrial and aquatic environment, their environmental fate and their potential toxicity (Stan and Linkerhagner, 1992;Stan et al., 1994;Halling-Sørensen et al., 1998;Daughton and Ternes, 1999;Schwarzenbach et al., 2006;Kümmerer, 2009). The contamination of groundwater resources by micro-organics is a growing concern and relatively poorly understood compared to other freshwater resources. Groundwater provides the most reliable perennial source of freshwater on Earth. It maintains flows and levels in rivers and lakes, is essential for the health of groundwater-dependant ecosystems, and in many parts of the world is the most important source of drinking water.Of particular concern are 'emerging organic contaminants' (EOCs). This term is used to cover not only newly developed compounds but also compounds newly discovered in the environment -often due to analytical developments (Lindsey et al., 2001;Petrovic and Barceló, 2006;Richardson and Ternes, 2011) and compounds that have only recently been categorised as contaminants. EOCs include a wide array of different compounds (as well as metabolites and transformation products-collectively referred to here as degradates)including; pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), pesticides, veterinary products, industrial compounds/by-products, food additives as well as engineered nanomaterials. Because of the vast array of possible comp...

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“…Lapworth and Gooddy, 2006;Gourcy et al, 2009) and urban waste water sources (Fram and Belitz, 2011).…”

Section: Physical/hydraulic Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging organic contaminants in groundwater: A review of sources, fate and occurrence

Lapworth

Baran

Stuart

et al. 2012

Environmental Pollution

1,444

587

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“…In reality, these processes can occur and therefore may lead to a bias regarding residence times. Inter-comparison between the four residence times obtained with the 4 tracers highlights either a common residence time or a contamination or degradation effect influencing one or several tracers (Aeschbach-Hertig et al, 1998;Beyerle et al, 1999;Gooddy et al, 2006;Gourcy et al, 2009;Harnisch and Eisenhauer, 1998;Harnisch et al, 2000;Heaton and Vogel, 1981). For each sampled points, three models were tested to determine the residence times: the Piston Flow Model (PFM), the Exponential Model (EM) and the Binary Mixing Model (BMM), all being described in Małoszewski and Zuber (1982) and in Cook and Herczeg (2000).…”

Section: Dating Tracers Excess Air and Recharge Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the groundwater residence time documents on contaminant transport and sustainability of water resources (Baudron et al, 2014;Cook et al, 1995;Cook and Herczeg, 2000;Gourcy et al, 2009;Murgulet et al, 2016;Vautour et al, 2015). It is also a powerful integrative approach of groundwater origin and flow path organisation within aquifers (Anders et al, 2014;Bertrand et al, 2010;Gooddy et al, 2006;Jaunat et al, 2012;Kamtchueng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CFCs and SF 6 are commonly considered as pertinent dating tracers but there are nevertheless some limits to their use (Kashiwaya et al, 2014). CFCs may be affected by the transfer processes in the unsaturated zone, local contaminations and degradation processes in anoxic environments causing most of the time offsets to groundwater aging (Aeschbach-Hertig et al, 1998;Beyerle et al, 1999;Gooddy et al, 2006;Gourcy et al, 2009;Heaton and Vogel, 1981;Schwientek et al, 2009). SF 6 is considered as a conservative tracer, but natural sources have been highlighted in granitic environments and some carbonates aquifers (Han et al, 2014;Harnisch and Eisenhauer, 1998;Harnisch et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Residence time, mineralization processes and groundwater origin within a carbonate coastal aquifer with a thick unsaturated zone

Santoni

Huneau

Garel

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Among the total of 1800 t of CLD produced over time in the world, one sixth was spread in Martinique and Guadeloupe (but to a lesser extent in that second case) (Le Déaut and Procaccia 2009). This led to severe contamination of soils (Cabidoche et al 2009), surface waters and groundwater (respectively, Franco 2005 andGourcy et al 2009), plant products (Cabidoche and LesueurJannoyer 2012), fresh water and seafood (Coat et al 2006 and, and livestock (e.g. Jondreville et al 2014) and wildlife (Cavelier 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants

Devault

Laplanche

Pascaline³

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 15973 Abstract Chlordecone (CLD) was an organochlorine insecticide whose previous use resulted in an extensive pollution of the environment with severe health effects and social consequences. A closely related compound, 5b-hydrochlordecone (5b-hydroCLD), has been searched for and often detected in environmental matrices from the geographical area where CLD was applied. The current consensus considered that its presence was not the result of a biotic or abiotic dechlorination of CLD in these matrices but rather the consequence of its presence as impurity (synthesis by-product) in the CLD released into the environment. The aim of the present study was to determine if and to what extent degradation of CLD into 5b-hydroCLD occurred in the field. To test this hypothesis, the ratios of 5b-hydroCLD and CLD concentrations in a dataset of 810 soils collected between 2006 and 2012 in Martinique were compared to the ratios measured in 3 samples of the CLD dust commercial formulations applied in the banana fields of French West Indies (FWI) and 1 sample of the technical-grade CLD corresponding to the active ingredient used in such formulations. Soil data were processed with a hierarchical Bayesian model to account for random measurement errors and data censoring. Any pathway of CLD transformation into 5b-hydroCLD occurring over the long term in FWI soils would indeed change the ratio of 5b-hydroCLD/ CLD compared to what it was in the initially applied formulations. Results showed a significant increase of the 5b-hydroCLD/CLD ratio in the soils-25 times greater in soil than in commercial formulations-which suggested that natural CLD transformation into 5b-hydroCLD over the long term occurred in these soils. Results from this study may impact future decisions for the remediation of the polluted areas.

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Improving the knowledge of pesticide and nitrate transfer processes using age-dating tools (CFC, SF6, 3H) in a volcanic island (Martinique, French West Indies)

Cited by 51 publications

References 42 publications

Emerging organic contaminants in groundwater: A review of sources, fate and occurrence

Emerging organic contaminants in groundwater: A review of sources, fate and occurrence

Residence time, mineralization processes and groundwater origin within a carbonate coastal aquifer with a thick unsaturated zone

Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants

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