Improving the efficiency of oxide copper–cobalt ores flotation by combination of sulphidisers

Kongolo, K.; Kipoka, M.; Minanga, K; Mpoyo, M.

doi:10.1016/s0892-6875(03)00263-2

Cited by 61 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The second route was an upfront removal of the pyritic gangue using a pre-sulphide flotation cell as shown in Figure 3. The second route used NaHS as a sulphide activator [2,11] at a low dosage of 15 g/t and potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) as a sulphide collector [12] in a pre-sulphide flotation cell. A higher NaHS dosage would be detrimental as it would depress the pyrite.…”

Section: Flowsheet For Ore Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gangue Mineralogy on Flowsheet Development in Fluorite Processing

2020

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Fluorite, CaF2, is considered a strategically important mineral as it is a raw material for many strategic industries. Froth flotation is reported to be the most efficient and economically viable process for the production of an acid-grade product with a CaF2 content of at least 97%. Selective flotation of fluorite from gangue minerals, e.g., calcite and barite, is challenging because these minerals have similar physicochemical properties. This study employed batch flotation tests coupled with mineralogical analysis to design suitable customised flowsheets and efficiently optimised reagent regimes for optimum production of acid-grade fluorite concentrate from two different fluorite ores by the froth flotation process. The effect of pulp temperature on fluorite flotation was investigated in this study with the objective of lowering pulp temperatures in fluorite flotation. The results showed that an acid-grade CaF2 concentrate could be obtained from the flotation of both ores at ambient pulp temperatures. This eliminates the requirement for high-temperature pulp treatment, which would result in a significant reduction in thermal energy costs. This study showed that an understanding of gangue mineralogy is key to process optimisation for acid-grade CaF2 production. Although an acid-grade CaF2 concentrate could be produced from both ores, the flowsheets and reagent regimes were markedly different. For instance, the production of an acid-grade CaF2 product from a high quartz and calcite ore was achieved by employing a simple rougher–multiple cleaner flotation circuit using tannin and sodium silicate as calcite and quartz depressants, respectively. On the other hand, the production of an acid-grade CaF2 product from the flotation of the pyritic ore required a pre-sulphide flotation stage for upfront sulphur removal and the use of a sulphide depressant. Multiple stages of cleaning were required for improved selectivity in the flotation of both ores.

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Section: Flowsheet For Ore Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gangue Mineralogy on Flowsheet Development in Fluorite Processing

2020

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“…The gangue acid consumption of the oxide ore was found to be excessively high, making it uneconomical to recover the oxide copper by acid leaching. It was decided to utilize a sulphidization step in the flotation circuit with the addition of NaHS to make the specific oxide minerals more susceptible to sulphide flotation (Kongolo et al, 2003;Newell et al, 2006;Raghavan et al, 1984).…”

Section: Development Of a Geometallurgical Model For A Copper Concentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a geometallurgical model for a copper concentrator

Valenta¹

2016

J. South. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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The Kalahari Copperbelt, which extends from Zambia across northwest Botswana into Namibia, is considered to be a broad time equivalent of the Central African Copperbelt, with a similar style of mineralization. However, at shallower depths (<25 m), chrysocolla and malachite exist in significant proportions in certain geological areas.As illustrated in Figure 1, the project is located in the Ghanzi-Chobe Fold Belt which forms part of the Kalahari Copper Belt. The Ghanzi Group, which overlies the lowest stratigraphic unit (the Kwebe Formation), consists of three formations, namely the Ngwako Pan, the D'Kar, and the Mamuno Formation (Hall, 2012).Mineralization already occurs in the first 10 m of the D'Kar Formation and is characterized by low-sulphur, low-iron copper sulphides (chalcocite and bornite). The overall genesis of the mineralization resulted from hydrothermal convection cells generated by the high heat flow associated with the thinning, extended continental crust during basin formation. The fluids circulating in these hydrothermal convection cells leached base metals from the underlying Kgwebe formation and produced large volumes of metal-enriched calcareous and siliceous fluids. These fluids then percolated upwards into the highly permeable Ngwako Pan Formation sediments and through them into the base of the less permeable D'Kar Formation, depositing the base metals in disseminated blebs or within thin parallel calcareous and siliceous veins.Two major areas (Area 1 and Area 2) have been identified in the project that are parallel in a southwest-northeast orientation and are approximately 1 km apart. The degree of mineral oxidation in Area 1 is significantly higher than in Area 2, and this is attributed to an observed difference in bedding orientation within the deposits (Hall, 2012).The geologists initially defined three zones in the orebody based on the occurrence of various copper-bearing minerals: the upper zone (0-25 m), middle zone (25-35 m), and the lower zone (>35 m). This definition served its purpose in planning the test work that was required and predicting the relative copper grades and recoveries that could be expected from each zone. On completion of the variability test work the definitions became less relevant when the predictive models were developed based on the mineral content of the ore.Development of a geometallurgical model for a copper concentrator by M. Valenta* and B. Mulcahy* The purpose of executing a project in a stagewise fashion is to evaluate all potential options in a cost-effective manner and develop an understanding of the project drivers, thereby minimizing overall project risk to the client. Among the more valuable tools for this exercise are production and financial models that can be used to quantify the sensitivity of the project to the critical parameters.The mine and concentrator used in this case study are located on the Kalahari Copper Belt, which extends from Zambia through northern Botswana into Namibia. This area of Africa has seen very little industrial deve...

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“…Thus, to enhance the selectivity of oleic acid collectors, the use of synergists has been increasingly investigated in recent years. The common synergists are mainly non-ionic surfactants (Kongolo et al, 2003). These non-ionic surfactants can promote the dissolution and emulsification of oleic acid collectors, reduce the surface tension of the solution, and strenigthen the adsorption of collectors on mineral surfaces (Cao et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flotation Separation of Diaspore and Kaolinite by Using a Mixed Collector of Sodium Oleate-Tert Dodecyl Mercaptan

Man

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Chem.

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Sodium oleate (NaOl), a collector in diaspore flotation, has been widely used for more than 30 years, while its low selectivity becomes an issue under today's process requirement. This study introduced tert dodecyl mercaptan (TDM) together with NaOl as a mixed collector to improve selectivity in diaspore flotation. We found that using the mixed collector of NaOl/TDM (total concentration 0.1 mM, the molar ratio 8:2 of NaOl: TDM) at pH = 9-10 significantly effectively separated diaspore and kaolinite. Comparing the recovery of Al 2 O 3 and the ratio of Al 2 O 3 to SiO 2 (A/S) treated by NaOl/TDM (pH = 9) and NaOl (pH = 10), the Al 2 O 3 recovery and A/S in concentrate for NaOl/TDM are 7.5% and 2.2 higher than that for NaOl in mixed mineral flotation. Also, surface tension measurements, Zeta potential measurements and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis were used to examine its selectivity from a flotation mechanical perspective. Surface tension measurements show that mixed collector NaOl/TDM has stronger surface activity and hydrophobic association than NaOl. The results of Zeta potential measurements and FTIR spectra analysis indicate that NaOl and TDM can selectively co-adsorb diaspore through physical adsorption. Moreover, the adsorption of TDM promotes the adsorption of NaOl on diaspore. However, when NaOl/TDM treats on kaolinite together, TDM can hardly adsorb on mineral surface, nor can it promote the adsorption of NaOl.

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Improving the efficiency of oxide copper–cobalt ores flotation by combination of sulphidisers

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Gangue Mineralogy on Flowsheet Development in Fluorite Processing

The Role of Gangue Mineralogy on Flowsheet Development in Fluorite Processing

Development of a geometallurgical model for a copper concentrator

Flotation Separation of Diaspore and Kaolinite by Using a Mixed Collector of Sodium Oleate-Tert Dodecyl Mercaptan

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