Improving the Diagnosis of Ipsilateral Femoral Neck and Shaft Fractures

Abstract

Background: Despite increased awareness of ipsilateral femoral neck fractures in patients with high-energy femoral shaft fractures and advanced imaging with thin-cut high-resolution computed tomography (CT), failure of diagnosis remains problematic. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the preoperative diagnosis of ipsilateral femoral neck fractures in patients with high-energy femoral shaft fractures can be improved with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with radiographic and CT imaging. Methods: In response to delayed diagnoses of femoral neck fractures despite thin-cut high-resolution CT, our institutional imaging protocol for acute, high-energy femoral shaft fractures was altered to include rapid limited-sequence MRI to evaluate for occult femoral neck fractures. All patients received standard radiographic imaging as well as thin-cut high-resolution pelvic CT imaging upon presentation. Rapid limited-sequence MRI of the pelvis was obtained to evaluate for an occult femoral neck fracture. Results: Thirty-seven consecutive patients with 39 acute, high-energy femoral shaft fractures resulting from blunt trauma were included. The average age of the patients was 29.1 years (range, 14 to 82 years). Ten (25.6%) of the 39 femoral shaft fractures were open. Two femoral shaft fractures (5.1%) were associated with ipsilateral femoral neck fractures that were detected on radiographs, and no MRI was performed. None of the remaining 37 femoral shaft fractures were associated with a femoral neck fracture that was identified on CT imaging. Thirty-three (89.2%) of 37 patients underwent pelvic MRI to evaluate the ipsilateral femoral neck. Four (12.1%) of those 33 patients were diagnosed with a femoral neck fracture (2 complete, 2 incomplete) that was not identified on thin-cut high-resolution CT or radiographic imaging. Conclusions: Rapid limited-sequence MRI of the pelvis for patients with femoral shaft fractures identified femoral neck fractures that were not diagnosed on thin-cut high-resolution CT in 12% of our patients. Our results suggest that the frequency of femoral neck fractures may be underrepresented on CT imaging; rapid limited-sequence MRI was feasible without delaying definitive treatment even in polytraumatized patients. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Ipsilateral proximal and shaft femoral fractures treated with bridge-link type combined fixation system

“…Objective sound waves can also be used as a diagnostic test or screening tool in the assessment of occult hip fractures [22]. Moreover, a recent study found that rapid limited-sequence pelvis MRI for patients with femoral shaft fractures could identify femoral neck fractures that were not diagnosed on thin-cut high-resolution CT [23]. In our present series, nine of the patients were young males (64.2%), two had open femoral shaft fractures (14.3%), seven had multisystem injuries (50.0%), and two had ipsilateral knee injuries (14.3%).…”

Ipsilateral Proximal and Shaft Femoral Fractures Treated With Bridge-Link type combined fixation system

“…Objective sound waves can also be used as a diagnostic test or screening tool in the assessment of occult hip fractures [22]. Moreover, a recent study found that rapid limitedsequence pelvis MRI for patients with femoral shaft fractures could identify femoral neck fractures that were not diagnosed on thin-cut high-resolution CT [23]. In our present series, nine of the patients were young males (64.2%), two had open femoral shaft fractures (14.3%), seven had multisystem injuries (50.0%), and two had ipsilateral knee injuries (14.3%).…”

Ipsilateral Proximal and Shaft Femoral Fractures Treated With Bridge-Link type combined fixation system

“…Objective sound waves can also be used as a diagnostic test or screening tool in the assessment of occult hip fractures [22]. Moreover, a recent study found that rapid limited-sequence pelvis MRI for patients with femoral shaft fractures could identify femoral neck fractures that were not diagnosed on thin-cut highresolution CT [23]. In our present series, nine of the patients were young males (64.2%), two had open femoral shaft fractures (14.3%), seven had multisystem injuries (50.0%), and two had ipsilateral knee injuries (14.3%).…”