Improving the detection and prediction of suicidal behavior among military personnel by measuring suicidal beliefs: An evaluation of the Suicide Cognitions Scale

Bryan, Craig J.; Rudd, M. David; Wertenberger, Evelyn; Etienne, Neysa; Ray-Sannerud, Bobbie; Morrow, Chad E.; Peterson, Alan L.; Young-McCaughon, Stacey

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.021

Cited by 98 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Bryan and colleagues (2014) also reported strong internal consistency and evidence of validity of the SCS as a measure of suicidal beliefs in a sample of military personnel. Furthermore, the SCS was able to discriminate between groups based on a history of suicide attempt, nonsuicidal selfinjury, suicidal ideation, and controls (Bryan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Measures Suicide Cognitions Scale (Scs; Rudd Et Al In Press)mentioning

confidence: 97%

A psychometric study of the Suicide Cognitions Scale with psychiatric inpatients.

Ellis

Rufino²

2015

Psychological Assessment

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The cognitive model of suicide makes specific predictions about the role of cognition in suicide risk. This study examined psychometric properties of the Suicide Cognitions Scale (SCS), an instrument designed to measure suicide-specific cognitions, in a sample of 150 patients (age range, 18-75 years, SD = 14.42; 56% female, 94% White) hospitalized for suicide risk associated with multiple, treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions. Findings revealed strong psychometric properties, including internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Incremental validity beyond depression and hopelessness was demonstrated in the prediction of suicidal ideation. Confirmatory factor analysis examining previously reported factor solutions suggested more consistency with a three-factor solution (Unlovability, Unbearability, and Unsolvability) relative to a two-factor solution. Good sensitivity to treatment response over the course of hospitalization also was demonstrated. The hypothesis of residual risk, derived from cognitive theory and predicting that lack of change in suicide schemas would be associated with higher suicide risk at discharge, was supported. Overall, these findings suggest considerable promise for the SCS as a measure of suicide risk that adds predictive utility to measures of depression and hopelessness, with potential usefulness in planning and monitoring treatment for suicidal individuals.

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Section: Measures Suicide Cognitions Scale (Scs; Rudd Et Al In Press)mentioning

confidence: 97%

A psychometric study of the Suicide Cognitions Scale with psychiatric inpatients.

Ellis

Rufino²

2015

Psychological Assessment

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“…Male survivors of military sexual trauma may therefore experience a threat to their masculinity and be especially prone to shame, which has been identified as an especially strong predictor of suicide ideation and suicide attempts in military personnel (Bryan et al, 2013c). Such negative identity-based perceptions such as shame and self-hatred increase the intensity of suicide ideation and risk for future suicide attempts among military personnel and veterans (Bryan et al, 2014). This latter study further reported that shame and self-hatred confer greater risk for future suicide attempts among military personnel beyond the effects of suicide ideation.…”

Section: Ideationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of military and premilitary sexual trauma with risk for suicide ideation, plans, and attempts

Bryan

Clemans

2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…Higher scores suggest greater suicide-specific hopelessness. The SCS has been shown to be a valid and reliable measure of suicide-specific cognitions within a military sample (Bryan et al, 2014). The abbreviated version of the SCS used within this study was also found to have good internal consistency (α = .88).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conditions are notable risk factors for suicide (Van Orden et al, 2010). Given the high rates of suicide in the military as compared to the general population (Bryan et al, 2014; Kuehn, 2009), delineating the link between deployment, mental health, suicidal symptoms, and service use is of utmost importance.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Similar null results between deployment and suicide have been found in other studies (LeardMann et al, 2013), yet not all (Schoenbaum et al, 2014). Nonetheless, high rates of suicide exist in military populations (Bryan et al, 2014; Kuehn, 2009). As Bryan and colleagues (2015) note, methodological and subpopulation discrepancies likely account for these disparate findings, highlighting the need for additional research in this area utilizing diverse study designs and samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Deployment, Mental Health Problems, Suicidality, and Use of Mental Health Services Among Military Personnel

Chu

Stanley

Hom

et al. 2016

Military Behavioral Health

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Following deployment, soldiers may struggle to cope with the after-effects of combat service and experience increased suicidality. Therefore, connection to mental health services is vital. Research regarding the relationship between deployment, suicidality, and mental health connections has been equivocal, with some studies finding a link between deployment history and mental health outcomes, and others not. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of military deployment on mental health and service utilization outcomes using a longitudinal design. Deployment history, mental health visits, symptoms of suicidality, and various mental health outcomes were assessed in a sample of 1,566 Army recruiters at study entry and 18-months follow-up. Deployment history was positively associated with mental health visits, number of major depressive episodes, and acquired capability for suicide at baseline; however, no significant relationship between deployment, mental health visits, and any other suicide or mental health-related outcomes emerged at baseline or follow-up. Findings suggest a disconnection from mental health services among military personnel. Implications for treatment and suicide prevention efforts among military personnel are discussed.

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Improving the detection and prediction of suicidal behavior among military personnel by measuring suicidal beliefs: An evaluation of the Suicide Cognitions Scale

Cited by 98 publications

References 18 publications

A psychometric study of the Suicide Cognitions Scale with psychiatric inpatients.

A psychometric study of the Suicide Cognitions Scale with psychiatric inpatients.

The association of military and premilitary sexual trauma with risk for suicide ideation, plans, and attempts

Deployment, Mental Health Problems, Suicidality, and Use of Mental Health Services Among Military Personnel

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