Improving the color switch contrast in PEDOT:PSS-based electrochromic displays

Kawahara, J.; Ersman, Peter Andersson; Engquist, Isak; Berggren, Magnus

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2011.12.007

Cited by 125 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Fig. 3(b) shows that the colour change of the EC pixel saturates within roughly 1 s. This switching time is slightly longer than what is recorded for a symmetric EC pixel consisting of PEDOT:PSS in both electrodes [17], but still feasible for utilization in PMADs. The applicability of using the EC pixel in PMADs has been further verified by extensive cycling tests, in which the desired threshold voltage and colour switch characteristics remain almost constant for several thousand cycles, see Figure 3(c).…”

Section: Optical Investigation Of the Non-linear Ec Pixel Colorationmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The measurement was performed by using a laser diode in conjunction with a photodiode [17]. The display was irradiated by a laser diode peaking at 650 nm, a wavelength that matches the absorption peak of the reduced state of PEDOT:PSS, and the scattered light was detected by a photodiode (S1337-66 from Hamamatsu, 5.8×5.8 mm 2 active area) and the photocurrent was recorded using a Keithley 2400 SourceMeter.…”

Section: Measurement Setup To Determine the Switching Behaviour Of Ecmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays

Ersman¹,

Kawahara

Berggren

2013

Organic Electronics

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Flexible displays are attracting considerable attention as a visual interface for applications such as in electronic papers and paper electronics. Passive or active matrix addressing of individual pixels require display elements that include proper signal addressability, which is typically provided by non-linear device characteristics or by incorporating transistors into each pixel. Including such additional devices into each pixel element make manufacturing of flexible displays using adequate printing techniques very hard and complicated. Here, we report all-printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays (PMAD), built up from a very robust three-layer architecture, which can be manufactured using standard printing tools.Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) serves as -2 -the conducting and electrochromic pixel electrodes and carbon paste is used as the pixel counter electrodes. These electrodes sandwich self-assembled layers of a polyelectrolyte that are confined to desired pixel areas via surface energy patterning. The particular choice of materials results in a desired current vs. voltage threshold that enables addressability in electronic cross-point matrices. The resulting PMAD operates at less than 3 V, exhibits high colour switch contrast without cross-talk and promises for high-volume and low-cost production of flexible displays using reel-to-reel printing tools on paper or plastic foils.

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Section: Optical Investigation Of the Non-linear Ec Pixel Colorationmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Measurement Setup To Determine the Switching Behaviour Of Ecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays

Ersman¹,

Kawahara

Berggren

2013

Organic Electronics

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“…The ability of PEDOT to change color upon oxidation and reduction, known as electrochromism (see Chapter 4.4), makes it interesting for applications such as printed displays and smart windows. [6] Although PEDOT:PSS is the most researched form of PEDOT, many other counterions, such as chloride and p-toluenesulfonic acid (tosylate or Tos), have been investigated. [7] The choice of counter ion affects the doping level as well as the packing of the PEDOT chains and thus influences the conductivity.…”

Section: Pedotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Cellulose-based Organic Electronics

Edberg

2017

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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“…[59,60,34] Figure 3.7 shows photographs of a 100 nm film of PEDOT:PSS in oxidized -3.7(a) -and reduced -3.7(b) -form in a device employing an opaque electrolyte layer. [60] The opacity of the latter changes the device operation from transmissive to reflective mode. called current rectification, may be exploited to convert alternating current (e.g.…”

Section: Organic Electrochromic Displaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Upscaling Organic Electronic Devices

Malti¹

2015

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Conventional electronics based on silicon, germanium, or compounds of gallium require prohibitively expensive investments. A state-of-the-art microprocessor fabrication facility can cost up to $15 billion while using environmentally hazardous processes. In that context, the discovery of solution-processable conducting (and semiconducting) polymers stirred up expectations of ubiquitous electronics because it enables the mass-production of devices using well established high-volume printing techniques. In essence, this thesis attempts to study the characteristics and applications of thin conducting polymer films (<200 nm), and scale them up to thick-films (>100 µm). First, thin-films of organic materials were combined with an electric double layer capacitor to decrease the operating voltage of organic field effect transistors. In addition, ionic current-rectifying diodes membranes were integrated inside electrochromic displays to increase the device's bistability and obviate the need for an expensive addressing backplane.This work also shows that it is possible to forgo the substrate and produce a self-standing electrochromic device by compositing the same water-processable material with nanofibrillated cellulose (plus a whitening pigment and high-boiling point solvents). In addition, we investigated the viability of these (semi)conducting polymer nanopaper composites in a variety of applications. This material exhibited an excellent combined electronic-ionic conductivity. Moreover, the conductivities in this easy-to-process composite remained constant within a wide range of thicknesses. Initially, this (semi)conducting nanopaper composite was used to produce electrochemical transistors with a giant transconductance (>1 S). Subsequently, it was used as electrodes to construct a supercapacitor whose capacitance exceeds 1 F.

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Improving the color switch contrast in PEDOT:PSS-based electrochromic displays

Cited by 125 publications

References 24 publications

Printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays

Printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays

Flexible and Cellulose-based Organic Electronics

Upscaling Organic Electronic Devices

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