Improving the cold flow behavior of methyl biodiesel by blending it with ethyl esters

Máximo, Guilherme J.; Magalhães, Ana M.S.; Gonçalves, Mariana; Esperança, Eduardo S.; Costa, Mariana C.; Meirelles, Antônio J. A.; Coutinho, João A. P.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.154

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The authors realized that the use of DSC could not be enough by itself to characterize these mixtures, as some relevant phase change processes may be not properly visible in the DSC curves. Thus, other complementary techniques started being utilized, such as optical microcopy [ 41 , 56 ], X-ray diffraction (XRD) [ 36 ] and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [ 48 ], allowing more precise and realistic phase diagrams to be developed. The improvement of the measuring devices also allows the management and reporting of additional data, which enables, for example, the representation of Tammann plots [ 26 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 42 , 43 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 52 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some examples of such mixtures were reported by Lutton and Hugenberg [ 38 ] and Suppes et al [ 29 ], but Maximo et al [ 56 ] can be considered the only authors specifically researching mixtures of fatty acid ethyl esters with methyl esters. In the line of previous works from the same authors [ 34 , 41 , 42 ], three binary mixtures are reported, including the experimental results, phase diagrams, Tammann plots and optical information of the mixtures during the phase change.…”

Section: Review On Published Literature Concerning Phase Diagrams mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the Study of Phase Diagram of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Involving Fatty Acid Esters

et al. 2021

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Interest in phase change materials keeps on rising as thermal energy storage grows in popularity in the scientific community as a promising complement for renewable energies in the future. Extending the possibilities beyond pure compounds, the use of mixtures (especially eutectics) widens the range of suitable phase change materials (PCM) available in the market. However, a precise knowledge of the mixtures’ phase behavior is required, making phase diagrams the most appropriate tools to follow. The aim of this work is to collect and analyze published literature concerning the phase diagrams of fatty acid esters mixtures, which constitute promising candidates as PCM due to their attractive properties, such as high latent heat, chemical stability and the possibility of extracting them from vegetable and animal oils. The topic appears as a still open scientific field, where further studies need to be performed to complete, complement and perfect the currently available information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review On Published Literature Concerning Phase Diagrams mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Study of Phase Diagram of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Involving Fatty Acid Esters

et al. 2021

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to overcome the biodiesel problems at low temperature, various solutions have been proposed in the literature, including winterization, blending with fossil fuels, use of additives, distillation, selective design of the fatty acid profile including acids with low crystallization temperature, or moieties such as diol and diacid, or preparation of fatty esters with branched chain alcohols. 12,13 Since the CFPP method was developed in the 1960s, several studies have been performed to develop other laboratory methods to improve the correlation with vehicle cold-start operability. Despite all these efforts, CFPP remains the foremost test used to protect the end user from failures up to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Cold Filter Plugging Point and Cloud Point reliable enough to prevent cold-start operability problems in vehicles using biodiesel blends?

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Lapuerta

Cardeño

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Despite being subjected to tight sustainability restrictions in the last decade (Directives 2009-28-CE, 2015-1513-CE, and EU-2018-2001), the use of biodiesel in compression ignition engines is still increasing in the European Union. As known, one of the main drawbacks of biodiesel is cold flow behavior, along with oxidation stability problems. According to European standards, the Cold Filter Plugging Point and Cloud Point methods are the ones used to ensure diesel vehicle operability in temperate and arctic climates, respectively, within the EU. Despite the existing standards, several issues related to startability have occurred in the northern European countries due to filter clogging. In this frame, this study checks the reliability of the conventional Cold Filter Plugging Point and Cloud Point tests by comparing their results with those coming from an experimental rig that simulates the low-pressure fuel circuit of a diesel vehicle. Baseline diesel was blended with two biodiesel fuels (7% and 10% by volume) produced from palm oil. Regardless of the fuel used and the blend (B7 or B10), Cold Filter Plugging Point and Cloud Point methods underestimate the temperature at which the filter clogging occurs compared to real conditions, these differences being as significant as 4°C when compared to Cold Filter Plugging Point and Cloud Point, respectively. Results obtained encourage either searching for more reliable standards to quantify the cold flow behavior of biodiesel fuels or limiting the maximum content of the main compounds causing cold-start problems.

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“…1−7 Oxygenated fuels including biodiesels, alcohols, ethers, etc., which have the advantages of lower soot and particle emissions compared with fossil fuels, are considered as environment-friendly fuels for engine. 8−12 The viscosity data of oxygenated fuels are extremely important in the process of transportation, storage, and usage. 13 There are plenty of experimental viscosity data for oxygenated fuels from atmospheric pressure to hundreds of megapascals reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Model Based on Artificial Neural Networks for Estimating the Viscosities of Oxygenated Fuels

et al. 2019

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Oxygenated fuel is a promising alternative fuel for engines because of the advantage of low emission. In this work, a general model based on back-propagation neural networks was developed for estimating the viscosities of different kinds of oxygenated fuels including esters, alcohols, and ethers, whose input variables are pressure, temperature, critical pressure, critical temperature, molar mass, and acentric factor. The viscosity data of 31 oxygenated fuels (1574 points) at temperatures ranging from 243.15 to 413.15 K and at pressures ranging from 0.1 to 200 MPa were collected to train and test the back-propagation neural network model. The comparison result shows that the predictions of the proposed back-propagation neural network model agree well with the experimental viscosity data of all studied oxygenated fuels using the general parameters (weight and bias). The average absolute relative deviations for training data, validation data, and testing data are 1.19%, 1.27%, and 1.30%, respectively.

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Improving the cold flow behavior of methyl biodiesel by blending it with ethyl esters

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Evolution of the Study of Phase Diagram of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Involving Fatty Acid Esters

Evolution of the Study of Phase Diagram of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Involving Fatty Acid Esters

Are Cold Filter Plugging Point and Cloud Point reliable enough to prevent cold-start operability problems in vehicles using biodiesel blends?

General Model Based on Artificial Neural Networks for Estimating the Viscosities of Oxygenated Fuels

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