“…Compared to duration estimation studies, more research was done for cost estimation in the pre-construction phase of projects (Elmouslami, 2020, Dehghan et al, 2020, Meharie and Shaik, 2020, Juszczyk, 2020, Tijanic et al, 2020, Karaca et al, 2020, Aretoulis, 2019, Meharie et al, 2019, Cao et al, 2018, Zhang et al, 2017, Gardner et al, 2017, Chou et al, 2015. Juszczk (2020) applied SVM on bridge projects completed between 2005 and 2018 to estimate their cost in the pre-construction phase by delivery method, length, width, and structural properties, and the optimum model had a MAPE of 10.94%.…”