Improving Suicide Prevention Through Evidence-Based Strategies: A Systematic Review

Mann, J. John; Michel, Christina A.; Auerbach, Randy P.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20060864

Cited by 244 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“… 64 Relative contributions of suicide prevention strategies (eg, risk assessment, public awareness, postvention), policies (eg, addressing the opioid crisis, bullying), and macrolevel societal factors (eg, economic context, structural racism) deserve attention. 24 , 65 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Trends in Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among US Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 1991-2019

2021

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Key Points Question Are temporal trends in suicidal ideation and attempts among US adolescents different across sex and race/ethnicity from 1991 through 2019? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 183 563 adolescents in the US, a decreasing temporal trend in suicidal ideation changed to an increase, with different turning points for female (2009), White (2009), Hispanic (2007), and Black (2005) adolescents. Male and Black youths had nonsignificant changes in suicidal ideation, but the greatest increase in the prevalence of nonfatal suicide attempts. Meaning The results of this study suggest that sex and racial/ethnic disparities in temporal trends in adolescents with suicidal ideation and attempts call for greater diversification in suicide prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Trends in Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among US Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 1991-2019

2021

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“…Collaborating with primary care in efforts for suicide prevention continues to be important. Mann et al (2021) reviewed 97 clinical trials and 30 population‐level studies published between 2005–2019 that explored interventions to reduce suicides or suicidal behavior and found that educating youth about suicidal behaviors, firearm restrictions, General Practitioner education and outreach to recently discharged patients all have strong effect.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide prevention andCOVID‐19

Ivbijaro

Kolkiewicz

Goldberg

et al. 2021

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

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Introduction Suicide prevention during Covid 19 has become a global priority because the current pandemic has led to societal difficulties threatening the fabric of our lifestyle with increased morbidity and mortality. Modelling studies published since the COVID 19 pandemic was declared in March 2020 estimate that suicide rates will increase by anywhere between 1% to 145% globally in response to the pandemic and action needs to be taken. Methods A narrative literature review on high quality evidence sources limited to human studies and publications written in English language only has been used to examine the relationship of COVID 19 and existing mental illness or history of mental illness, suicide prevention strategies and changes in overall suicide rates. Results A total of 39 papers are summarised and grouped using the headings aetiological factors, proposed interventions to increase access and national policies to provide a framework for suicide prevention during pandemics such as COVID 19. This review indicates that 1) investing in active labour market programmes will result in a decreased suicide rate during times of high unemployment 2) People in low paid and casual jobs require specific support because they are most financially vulnerable during a pandemic related crisis 3) Women require specific support during a pandemic because of the type of employment they have and because they often carry a greater proportion of the domestic burden and are at increased risk of domestic violence during lockdown and crisis 4) Mental health and substance misuse services need to be appropriately funded and prioritised during and post pandemic, due to the associated increase in substance misuse during a pandemic causing worsening mental health and increased risk of suicide 5) National Suicide Prevention Strategies should be developed by all countries and should anticipate response to a range of disasters, including a pandemic 6) Suicide prevention is everybody's business and National Suicide Prevention Strategies should adopt a whole‐systems approach including mental health services, primary care, social care, NGO's and other community stakeholders 7) Suicide is preventable 8) It is essential to prioritise suicide prevention strategies in the COVID and post‐COVID period to ensure that lives are saved. Discussion Increase in suicide is not inevitable and suicide prevention during pandemics and post COVID 19 pandemics requires a collaborative whole system approach. We require real time data to inform dynamic action planning.

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“…Broadly reducing availability and access to firearms has lowered firearm suicide rates in other countries but does not appear feasible in the USA. Firearm legislation strength is inversely associated with firearm suicide rates [33,42]. Gun safety is critical to restricting access for those at risk.…”

Section: Lethal Means Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Vulnerability to Late-Life Suicide

Ding

Kennedy

2021

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review We review recent evidence on suicide among older adults, examine risk factors contributing to vulnerability to late-life suicide, and summarize possible interventions. Recent Findings We found a steadily increasing rate of late-life suicide in the USA in the past decade. Evidence supporting the integration of depression care managers into primary care for risk reduction is among the strongest to date. Pharmacologic and neuromodulation studies should be considered in geriatric depression complicated by suicidality. Broad societal campaigns about suicide education, as well as active outreach to psychiatric patients after discharge or a suicidal crisis, prevent suicidal behavior. Growing research supports an integrative multidisciplinary approach. Summary Suicide is a complex and multifaceted behavior with numerous casual points for intervention. Access to deadly means, presence of depression, disease, disability, and social disconnection are factors that increase vulnerability. Quality geriatric care, regular screening in primary and emergency care settings, and a multidisciplinary approach are necessary to mitigate risk factors. The COVID-19 pandemic amplifies need for a more aggressive approach.

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Improving Suicide Prevention Through Evidence-Based Strategies: A Systematic Review

Cited by 244 publications

References 149 publications

Temporal Trends in Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among US Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 1991-2019

Temporal Trends in Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among US Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 1991-2019

Suicide prevention andCOVID‐19

Understanding Vulnerability to Late-Life Suicide

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