“…Diverse tactics, including cooperation between HSCM partners, the development of redundant suppliers, capacity slack, creation of demand pools, and balancing internal production and outsourcing have been suggested to promote resilience in SC (Alajmi et al, 2021;Hossain et al, 2022). In addition, researchers highlight the importance of Industry 4.0, Communication Technologies (ICTs) like big data, and the roles of analytics and blockchain in improving resilience (Patel et al, 2022;Rashid et al, 2022;Tani et al, 2022). Since HSCM is receiving more attention, the literature is also growing.…”