Improving precision of X-ray fluorescence analysis of lanthanide mixtures using partial least squares regression

Kirsanov, Dmitry; Панчук, В. В.; Goydenko, Alexander; Khaydukova, Maria; Семенов, В. Г.; Legin, Andrey

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2015.09.013

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…More recently, the use of the lanthanides and other rare earths in electronics, optoelectronics, glasses, lighting, and permanent magnets has expanded greatly. Consequently, there is increased interest in analyzing lanthanide-bearing materials and ores by a variety of techniques including x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) [26][27][28][29]. Quantitative composition analysis by XRF requires knowledge of parameters such as line energies and shapes [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative composition analysis by XRF requires knowledge of parameters such as line energies and shapes [30]. This knowledge is particularly critical when one uses common semiconductor detector systems whose spectral resolution is insufficient to fully separate relevant x-ray spectral features, for example x-ray lines from different lanthanides of interest and lines from the geologically more common 3d transition metals [29]. Uncertainty in line centers results in either systematic or statistical uncertainty when one fits overlapping spectra to extract peak areas, de-pending on whether the center energies are treated as fixed or free parameters, respectively [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A reassessment of absolute energies of the x-ray L lines of lanthanide metals

et al. 2017

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We introduce a new technique for determining x-ray fluorescence line energies and widths, and we present measurements made with this technique of 22 x-ray L lines from lanthanide-series elements. The technique uses arrays of transition-edge sensors, microcalorimeters with high energy-resolving power that simultaneously observe both calibrated x-ray standards and the x-ray emission lines under study. The uncertainty in absolute line energies is generally less than 0.4 eV in the energy range of 4.5 keV to 7.5 keV. Of the seventeen line energies of neodymium, samarium, and holmium, thirteen are found to be consistent with the available x-ray reference data measured after 1990; only two of the four lines for which reference data predate 1980, however, are consistent with our results. Five lines of terbium are measured with uncertainties that improve on those of existing data by factors of two or more. These results eliminate a significant discrepancy between measured and calculated x-ray line energies for the terbium Ll line (5.551 keV). The line widths are also measured, with uncertainties of 0.6 eV or less on the full-width at half-maximum in most cases. These measurements were made with an array of approximately one hundred superconducting xray microcalorimeters, each sensitive to an energy band from 1 keV to 8 keV. No energy-dispersive spectrometer has previously been used for absolute-energy estimation at this level of accuracy. Future spectrometers, with superior linearity and energy resolution, will allow us to improve on these results and expand the measurements to more elements and a wider range of line energies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reassessment of absolute energies of the x-ray L lines of lanthanide metals

et al. 2017

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“…For each data point, the microfluidic device was (i) fully flushed with twice its internal volume, in order to assure reaching a steady state; (ii) further flushed until 600 mL of each phase was retrieved in collecting output vials, for off-line XRF or ICP-OES analysis (see the ESI † for more details about the XRF analysis). 32,38,39 The necessary overall time required to obtain each sample varies according to the flow rate used (always equal, by construction, for both phases (Fig. 1)) which in our case varies from 34 mL min À1 to 0.57 mL min À1 (see Table S2 of the ESI †).…”

Section: Microfluidic Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

A microfluidic study of synergic liquid–liquid extraction of rare earth elements

Maangar

Theisen

Penisson

et al. 2020

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Many works have tried to overcome this by applying multivariate statistical analyses as to separate the information given in the energy region of interest (ROI) in different parts, corresponding to the different spectral lines present. 5,6 Nevertheless, it would be useful to have a spectrometer capable of resolving the L emission lines successfully. Reviewing the emission lines of these elements, an energy resolution of around 10 eV is enough to allow for the desired discrimination.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

A compact high-resolution spectrometer based on a segmented conical crystal analyzer

Robledo

Pérez

Sánchez

2020

Review of Scientific Instruments

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In this work, the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a compact, one-shot spectrometer based on a segmented conically bent crystal analyzer are described. The system is a "one-shot" wavelength dispersive spectrometer, which has a crystal analyzer with an innovative geometry. It reaches an energy resolution of around 8 eV for Mn Kα 1 line, which is at least an order of magnitude better than the commonly used energy dispersive spectrometers for fluorescence, and is comparable to current wavelength dispersive spectrometers. The prototype spectrometer fabricated in this work avoids angle scans that most wavelength dispersive spectrometers require, has the advantage of a sample-detector distance of only 146 mm, and allows for the simultaneous measurement of approximately a 2 keV window. This system is suitable to be used at synchrotron radiation facilities and free electron lasers, and it can even be adapted to an x-ray tube in any conventional x-ray laboratory.

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Improving precision of X-ray fluorescence analysis of lanthanide mixtures using partial least squares regression

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

A reassessment of absolute energies of the x-ray L lines of lanthanide metals

A reassessment of absolute energies of the x-ray L lines of lanthanide metals

A microfluidic study of synergic liquid–liquid extraction of rare earth elements

A compact high-resolution spectrometer based on a segmented conical crystal analyzer

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