Improving Plant Nitrogen-Use Efficiency

Pathak, Rashmi; Lochab, Sunila; Raghuram, Nandula

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-088504-9.00472-4

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They include various nitrate transporters, enzymes of nitrate assimilation, carbon and redox metabolism, several protein kinases, cytochrome families, transcription factors, etc. The search for nitrate response elements (NREs) in the upstream sequences of a few nitrate-responsive genes has not yet produced a universally accepted consensus sequence that accounts for most, if not all nitrate-responsive genes found to date (Das et al 2007 ;Yanagisawa 2010 , 2011 ;Pathak et al 2011 ;Krapp et al 2014 ). Similarly, several transcription factors are implicated in mediating nitrate response, such as ANR1, DOF1/2, LDB37/38/39, NLP6/7, and SPL9 (reviewed in Krapp et al 2014 ), and further research is needed to narrow them down.…”

Section: Signaling In N Metabolic Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and Stress

Jangam

Raghuram

2015

Elucidation of Abiotic Stress Signaling in Plants

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Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient for the plants and fertilizer N-use effi ciency is becoming an increasing economic and environmental concern. The nutrient stress conditions of N defi ciency and N excess may get exacerbated by other abiotic stresses, which in turn are likely to be worsened by climate change. Exploring their interrelationships is being increasingly facilitated by the growing knowledge of the genome-wide N response as well as other abiotic stress responses in model plants. Nitrate and its more reduced forms are not only sources of plant N nutrition but also signals that govern their own uptake; N, C, and redox metabolism; and hormonal and other organism-wide responses. The signaling mechanisms involved in N response or response to N stress or N-use effi ciency are currently far less well understood than those in other abiotic stresses. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on normal N response and response to N stress, as well as their interrelationships with other abiotic stresses. Nitrogen is an important macroelement for plant growth. However, plant can't use atmospheric nitrogen as such and depend on its availability in more reactive forms such as urea, nitrate, ammonium, amino acids, etc. Even legumes depend on symbiotic N-fi xing bacteria to convert N 2 into ammonium ions to meet their N requirements. Therefore, the term nitrogen (N) is used in this review to represent a broad range of reactive species of N compounds. In agricultural soils, N compounds and other nutrients have to be constantly replenished as fertilizers/manures to enable repetitive cropping. As N fertilizers are expensive, N-use effi ciency becomes an important determinant of crop productivity. Keywords

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Section: Signaling In N Metabolic Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and Stress

Jangam

Raghuram

2015

Elucidation of Abiotic Stress Signaling in Plants

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“…The appropriate way to estimate NUE eventually depends on the crop, its harvest product, and specific physiological processes involved in NUE [12]. The three modes of replacing the nutrient solution and three initial pH values influenced significantly NUE (Table 3) and the most efficient treatment (T 5 ) was found in the M 2 with pH 6 (16.53 ± 0.4 g Dmper Nuse).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of Managing Nutrient Solution Based on N Use Efficiency for Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Chabite

Zhang

Ningning

et al. 2017

JFSE

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In aeroponic cultivation the nutrient solution is an essential component to achieve good production results. And nitrogen is the main constituent element of the nutrient solution and essential element in plant nutrition. Therefore, the management and monitoring nutrient solution and existing nitrogen is fundamental. The experiment shows that three modes of replacing the nutrient solution and three initial pH values and their interaction significantly influenced the fresh weight and dry matter of lettuce. The highest values of fresh and dry weight were recorded in the fifth treatment where there is an interaction between pH 6 and the mode of replacing half of the nutrient solution. The consumption rate of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and gross nitrogen (GN) was higher during stage 1 (10 days after transplanting), especially for the mode of complete replacing nutrient solution.

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“…A common strategy for attempting to improve NUE has been to genetically modify plants [8,9,10]. Efforts have focused on (1) transgenes targeting N uptake and transport, such as ammonium transporters [37], proton gradient-forming ATPases [38], or peptide/nitrate transporters [39]; (2) transgenes directly involved in primary N metabolism such as cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1;1 and GS1;2) [40,41,42], plastidic glutamine synthetase (GS2) [43], glutamate synthase (GOGAT) [44], glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH, [45] or primary and secondary N metabolism such as transaminases like asparagine synthetase (AS1) [46] and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) [12]; (3) transgenes involved in N recycling such as autophagy-related factor 8c (ATG8c, [47]); (4) regulatory factors such as the transcription factor Dof1 [48,49], microRNA826 [50], or microRNA444 [51]; (5) or N-responsive transgenes of unknown function such as the early nodulin 93-like gene [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to these legislative actions, scientific investigations are ongoing to improve NUE though crop genetics. These efforts have included both traditional breeding programs and modern recombinant DNA technology (reviewed in [1,8,9,10]). One of these molecular approaches has resulted in crops achieving a higher NUE via the overexpression of alanine aminotransferase [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Plant Nitrogen Metabolism through Metabolomics and Computational Approaches

Beatty

Klein

Fischer

et al. 2016

Plants

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A comprehensive understanding of plant metabolism could provide a direct mechanism for improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops. One of the major barriers to achieving this outcome is our poor understanding of the complex metabolic networks, physiological factors, and signaling mechanisms that affect NUE in agricultural settings. However, an exciting collection of computational and experimental approaches has begun to elucidate whole-plant nitrogen usage and provides an avenue for connecting nitrogen-related phenotypes to genes. Herein, we describe how metabolomics, computational models of metabolism, and flux balance analysis have been harnessed to advance our understanding of plant nitrogen metabolism. We introduce a model describing the complex flow of nitrogen through crops in a real-world agricultural setting and describe how experimental metabolomics data, such as isotope labeling rates and analyses of nutrient uptake, can be used to refine these models. In summary, the metabolomics/computational approach offers an exciting mechanism for understanding NUE that may ultimately lead to more effective crop management and engineered plants with higher yields.

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Improving Plant Nitrogen-Use Efficiency

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Nitrogen and Stress

Nitrogen and Stress

Mode of Managing Nutrient Solution Based on N Use Efficiency for Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Understanding Plant Nitrogen Metabolism through Metabolomics and Computational Approaches

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