Improving organic aerosol treatments in <scp>CESM</scp>/<scp>CAM</scp>5: Development, application, and evaluation

Glotfelty, Timothy; He, Jian; Zhang, Yang

doi:10.1002/2016ms000874

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(247 reference statements)

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“…Several approaches to treat the condensation of organic molecules onto nuclei mode particles in models have been applied, the most popular being the Volatility Basis Set (VBS) (Donahue et al, 2011) approach (Glotfelty et al, 2017;Matsui, 2017;Pierce et al, 2011), although other methods are in active use (Yu, 2011). The Kelvin effect is considered for each volatility bin.…”

Section: Nuclei Mode Aerosol Microphysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere: From Molecular Clusters to Global Climate

et al. 2019

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New particle formation (NPF) represents the first step in the complex processes leading to formation of cloud condensation nuclei. Newly formed nanoparticles affect human health, air quality, weather, and climate. This review provides a brief history, synthesizes recent significant progresses, and outlines the challenges and future directions for research relevant to NPF. New developments include the emergence of state‐of‐the‐art instruments that measure prenucleation clusters and newly nucleated nanoparticles down to about 1 nm; systematic laboratory studies of multicomponent nucleation systems, including collaborative experiments conducted in the Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets chamber at CERN; observations of NPF in different types of forests, extremely polluted urban locations, coastal sites, polar regions, and high‐elevation sites; and improved nucleation theories and parameterizations to account for NPF in atmospheric models. The challenges include the lack of understanding of the fundamental chemical mechanisms responsible for aerosol nucleation and growth under diverse environments, the effects of SO2 and NOx on NPF, and the contribution of anthropogenic organic compounds to NPF. It is also critical to develop instruments that can detect chemical composition of particles from 3 to 20 nm and improve parameterizations to represent NPF over a wide range of atmospheric conditions of chemical precursor, temperature, and humidity.

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Section: Nuclei Mode Aerosol Microphysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere: From Molecular Clusters to Global Climate

et al. 2019

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“…Dust emissions are based on the Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc. and Air Force Weather Agency (AER/AFWA) scheme (Jones and Creighton, 2011). Emissions from sea salt are generated based on the scheme of Gong et al (1997). Biogenic emissions are simulated online by the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature v2.1 (MEGAN2.1) (Guenther et al, 2006).…”

Section: Model Setup and Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biogenic emissions are simulated online by the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature v2.1 (MEGAN2.1) (Guenther et al, 2006). The chemical initial and boundary conditions (ICONs and BCONs) come from the modified CESM/CAM version 5.3 with updates by Gantt et al (2014), He and Zhang (2014), and Glotfelty et al (2017). The meteorological ICONs and BCONs are from the National Center for Environmental Protection Final Reanalyses (NCEP FNL) dataset, which is available every 6 h. The chemical fields are also allowed to run continuously while the meteorology is reinitialized every 5 days.…”

Section: Model Setup and Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Regional Air Quality and Climate: Improving Organic Aerosol and Aerosol Activation Processes in WRF/Chem version 3.7.1

Yahya¹,

Glotfelty²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. Air quality and climate influence each other through the uncertain processes of aerosol formation and cloud droplet activation. In this study, both processes are improved in the Weather, Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) version 3.7.1. The existing Volatility Basis Set (VBS) treatments for organic aerosol (OA) formation in WRF/Chem is improved by considering the secondary OA (SOA) formation from semi-volatile primary organic aerosol (POA), a semi-empirical formulation for the enthalpy of vaporization of SOA, as well as functionalization and fragmentation reactions for multiple generations of products from the oxidation of VOCs. Two-month long simulations (May to June 2010) are conducted over continental U.S. and results are evaluated against surface and aircraft observations during the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) campaign. Among all the configurations considered, the best performance is found for the simulation with the 2005 Carbon Bond mechanism (CB05) and the VBS SOA module with semivolatile POA treatment, 25% fragmentation, and the emissions of semi-volatile and intermediate volatile organic compounds being 3 times of the original POA emissions. Among the three gas-phase mechanisms (CB05, CB6, and SAPRC07) used, CB05 gives the best performance for surface ozone and PM2.5 concentrations. Differences in SOA predictions are larger for the simulations with different VBS treatments (e.g., non-volatile POA vs. semivolatile POA) as compared to the simulations with different gas-phase mechanisms. Compared to the simulation with CB05 and the default SOA module, the simulations with the VBS treatment improve cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) predictions (NMBs from -40.8% to a range of -34.6% to -27.7%), with large differences between CB05/CB6 and SAPRC07 due to large differences in their OH and HO2 predictions. An advanced aerosol activation parameterization based on the FN05 series reduces the large negative CDNC bias associated with the default ARG00 parameterization from -35.4% to a range of -0.8% to 7.1%, it, however, increases the errors due to overpredictions of CDNC, mainly over northeastern U.S. This work indicates a need to improve other aerosol-cloud-radiation processes in the model such as the spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth and cloud condensation nuclei in order to further improve CDNC predictions.

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Section: Model Setup and Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biogenic emissions are simulated online by the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature v2.1 (MEGAN2.1) (Guenther et al, 2006). The chemical initial and boundary conditions (ICONs and BCONs) come from the modified CESM/CAM version 5.3 with updates by Gantt et al (2014), , and Glotfelty et al (2017). The meteorological ICONs and BCONs are from the National Center for Environmental Protection Final Reanalyses (NCEP FNL) dataset, which is available every 6 h. The chemical fields are also allowed to run continuously while the meteorology is reinitialized every 5 days.…”

Section: Model Setup and Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling regional air quality and climate: improving organic aerosol and aerosol activation processes in WRF/Chem version 3.7.1

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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Abstract. Air quality and climate influence each other through the uncertain processes of aerosol formation and cloud droplet activation. In this study, both processes are improved in the Weather, Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) version 3.7.1. The existing Volatility Basis Set (VBS) treatments for organic aerosol (OA) formation in WRF/Chem are improved by considering the following: the secondary OA (SOA) formation from semi-volatile primary organic aerosol (POA), a semi-empirical formulation for the enthalpy of vaporization of SOA, and functionalization and fragmentation reactions for multiple generations of products from the oxidation of VOCs. Over the continental US, 2-month-long simulations (May to June 2010) are conducted and results are evaluated against surface and aircraft observations during the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) campaign. Among all the configurations considered, the best performance is found for the simulation with the 2005 Carbon Bond mechanism (CB05) and the VBS SOA module with semivolatile POA treatment, 25 % fragmentation, and the emissions of semi-volatile and intermediate volatile organic compounds being 3 times the original POA emissions. Among the three gas-phase mechanisms (CB05, CB6, and SAPRC07) used, CB05 gives the best performance for surface ozone and PM2. 5 concentrations. Differences in SOA predictions are larger for the simulations with different VBS treatments (e.g., nonvolatile POA versus semivolatile POA) compared to the simulations with different gas-phase mechanisms. Compared to the simulation with CB05 and the default SOA module, the simulations with the VBS treatment improve cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) predictions (normalized mean biases from −40.8 % to a range of −34.6 to −27.7 %), with large differences between CB05–CB6 and SAPRC07 due to large differences in their OH and HO2 predictions. An advanced aerosol activation parameterization based on the Fountoukis and Nenes (2005) series reduces the large negative CDNC bias associated with the default Abdul Razzak and Ghan (2000) parameterization from −35.4 % to a range of −0.8 to 7.1 %. However, it increases the errors due to overpredictions of CDNC, mainly over the northeastern US. This work indicates a need to improve other aerosol–cloud–radiation processes in the model, such as the spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth and cloud condensation nuclei, in order to further improve CDNC predictions.

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Improving organic aerosol treatments in CESM/CAM5: Development, application, and evaluation

Cited by 17 publications

References 137 publications

New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere: From Molecular Clusters to Global Climate

New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere: From Molecular Clusters to Global Climate

Modeling Regional Air Quality and Climate: Improving Organic Aerosol and Aerosol Activation Processes in WRF/Chem version 3.7.1

Modeling regional air quality and climate: improving organic aerosol and aerosol activation processes in WRF/Chem version 3.7.1

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