Improving microalgae removal efficiency using chemically-processed clays

Kim, Z-Hun; Thạnh, Nguyễn Ngọc; Yang, Ji-Hyun; Park, Hanwool; Yoon, Moon‐Young; Park, Jung-Keug; Lee, Choul‐Gyun

doi:10.1007/s12257-016-0655-x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the diffractograms of the lms. Three diffraction peaks were observed at 2θ= 10.1°, 20.1°a nd 21.8°, corresponding to the crystallographic planes (002), ( 101) and (220) of chitosan, respectively [31,32].The XRD peaks at 2θ= 10.1° is attributed to the hydrated crystallite structure of chitosan due to the integration of water molecules in the crystal lattice whereas the peak at 2θ= 20.1° is associated with the regular chitosan crystal lattice. The diffraction peak at 2θ= 22° corresponds to the amorphous structure of the chitosan.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Investigation on the influence of crosslinking and swelling properties of modified silica-chitosan films for the controlled removal of Alexandrium minutum

Iqbal

Ibrahim

Mohammad-Noor

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are natural phenomenon that threatens public health, tourism, fisheries and ecosystems. Silica in its natural form is unable to mitigate HABs effectively and frequently modified with chitosan. In this study, the influence of crosslinking and swelling properties of rice husk ash silica/chitosan film reinforced with (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTEOS) and glycerol (Gly) in capturing HABs cell, Alexandrium minutum was thoroughly investigated. The XRD analysis indicated that crosslinking had caused part of the chitosan’s crystalline network to become amorphous. The FTIR analysis showed that the chitosan, silica, glycerol and GPTEOS were crosslinked via a condensation reaction. The crosslinking was higher in the film containing GPTEOS (CHT/SiO2/GPTEOS) due to the condensation reaction between the GPTEOS epoxy group and the amine of chitosan in addition to the condensation of silanol and hydroxyl group of chitosan. As a result, the swelling of CHT/SiO2/GPTEOS was lower compared to Gly-containing film (CHT/SiO2/Gly). The RE value was 26.57 ± 10.81% using CHT/SiO2/Gly and 50.06 ± 11.90% using CHT/SiO2/GPTEOS. Based on the swelling and the RE trends, it is concluded that the initially trapped algae could have been released back into the environment when the films swelled. This study shows that crosslinking is important trapping the algae. The SEM and digital microscopic images of the used films revealed the presence of algae cells on the surface of the films. The films could be easily separated from the algae culture without sedimentation. The films also showed good biodegradability as all the films were fully degraded within 30 days of burial.

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Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The effects and changes of the cells on the surface of the lms were also observed under the Digital microscope (Keyence VHX E-100). Removal e ciency rate (RE) was calculated using Equation (2) [32]. All the RE data were expressed as the mean±standard deviation (S.D).…”

Section: Mitigation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the influence of crosslinking and swelling properties of modified silica-chitosan films for the controlled removal of Alexandrium minutum

Iqbal

Ibrahim

Mohammad-Noor

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The change in the structure of the cells on the surface of the films was observed under the digital microscope (Keyence VHX E-100, Osaka, Japan). The removal efficiency (RE) was calculated using Equation ( 5) [56]. All the RE data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (S.D.…”

Section: Mitigation Of Alexandrium Minutummentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Remediation of Harmful Alexandrium minutum Bloom Using Hybrid Chitosan-Modified TiO2 Films in Seawater: A Lab-Based Study

et al. 2022

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The uncontrolled growth of harmful algal blooms (HABs) can negatively impact the environment and pose threats to human health and aquatic ecosystems. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is known to be effective in killing harmful algae through flocculation and sedimentation. However, TiO2 in a dispersed form can harm other non-target marine organisms, which has raised concerns by environmentalists and scientists. This research seeks to explore the utility of immobilized titanium oxide as a photocatalyst for mitigation of HABs, where the Alexandrium minutum bloom was used as a model system herein. Chitosan was modified with 0.2 wt.% TiO2 (Chi/TiO2 (x mL; x = 1, 3 and 5 mL) and the corresponding films were prepared via solvent casting method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the films reveal a highly uneven surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates the reduction in chitosan crystallinity, where the presence of TiO2 was negligible, in accordance with its dispersion within the chitosan matrix. The photocatalytic mitigation of A.minutum was carried out via a physical approach in a laboratory-scale setting. The negative surface charge of the films was observed to repel the negatively charged A.minutum causing fluctuation in the removal efficiency (RE). The highest RE (76.1 ± 13.8%) was obtained when Chi/TiO2 (1 mL) was used at 72 h, where the hydroxyl radicals generated were inferred to contribute to the deactivation of the algae cells by causing oxidative stress. An outcome of this study indicates that such hybrid films have the potential to replace the non-immobilized (dispersed) TiO2 for HAB mitigation. However, further investigation is required to deploy these films for field applications at a larger scale.

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“…Chemical methods of algae removal are very efficient and can destroy algae cells. Regrettably, these methods are quite costly and may lead to secondary pollution [8][9][10]. Biological methods, however, are economical, effective, and environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulant Plus Bacillus nitratireducens Fermentation Broth Technique Provides a Rapid Algicidal Effect of Toxic Red Tide Dinoflagellate

Prasath

Wang

et al. 2021

JMSE

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When the toxic red tide alga Gymnodinium catenatum H.W. Graham accumulates in sediment through sexual reproduction, it provides the provenance of a periodic outbreak of red tide, a potential threat to the marine environment. In our study, the flocculation effects of four coagulants were compared. Bacteria fermentation (Ba3) broth and coagulant were combined with Ba3 to reduce the vegetative cells of G. catenatum, inhibit the cystic germination in the sediment, and control the red tide outbreak. To promote a more efficient and environmentally friendly algae suppression method, we studied these four coagulants combined with algae suppression bacteria for their effect on G. catenatum. The results show that polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is more efficient than other coagulants when used alone because it had a more substantial inhibitory effect. Ba3 broth also had a beneficial removal effect on the vegetative cells of G. catenatum. The inhibition efficiency of 2-day fermentation liquid was higher than that of 1-day and 3-day fermentation liquids. When combined, the PAC and Ba3 broth produced a pronounced algae inhibition effect that effectively hindered the germination of algae cysts. We conclude that this combination provides a scientific reference for the prevention and control of marine red tide. Our results suggest that designing environmentally friendly methods for the management of harmful algae is quite feasible.

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Improving microalgae removal efficiency using chemically-processed clays

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Investigation on the influence of crosslinking and swelling properties of modified silica-chitosan films for the controlled removal of Alexandrium minutum

Investigation on the influence of crosslinking and swelling properties of modified silica-chitosan films for the controlled removal of Alexandrium minutum

Photocatalytic Remediation of Harmful Alexandrium minutum Bloom Using Hybrid Chitosan-Modified TiO2 Films in Seawater: A Lab-Based Study

Coagulant Plus Bacillus nitratireducens Fermentation Broth Technique Provides a Rapid Algicidal Effect of Toxic Red Tide Dinoflagellate

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