Improving maize growth processes in the community land model: Implementation and evaluation

Peng, Bin; Guan, Kaiyu; Chen, Min; Lawrence, David M.; Pokhrel, Yadu; Suyker, Andrew E.; Arkebauer, Timothy J.; Lü, Yaqiong

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.11.012

Cited by 79 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Although our statistical model separated cooling and water supply in the irrigation yield effect, what we observed in reality will always be the combined effect of these processes. For process‐based crop models, it is still challenging to capture all these interactive processes, as it requires crop models to include both canopy energy balance and biochemical photosynthesis components to simulate the LST cooling (for cropland in peak growing season, it is mainly canopy temperature cooling) and its effect on crop growth, which are still absent in many agronomy crop models (Peng et al, ). To simulate the cooling effects on air temperature and crop growth, crop models have to be bidirectionally coupled with an atmosphere model (Harding, Twine, & Lu, ; Lu, Jin, & Kueppers, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying irrigation cooling benefits to maize yield in the US Midwest

Guan

Peng

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Irrigation is an important adaptation strategy to improve crop resilience to global climate change. Irrigation plays an essential role in sustaining crop production in waterlimited regions, as irrigation water not only benefits crops through fulfilling crops' water demand but also creates an evaporative cooling that mitigates crop heat stress.Here we use satellite remote sensing and maize yield data in the state of Nebraska, USA, combined with statistical models, to quantify the contribution of cooling and water supply to the yield benefits due to irrigation. Results show that irrigation leads to a considerable cooling on daytime land surface temperature (−1.63°C in July), an increase in enhanced vegetation index (+0.10 in July), and 81% higher maize yields compared to rainfed maize. These irrigation effects vary along the spatial and temporal gradients of precipitation and temperature, with a greater effect in dry and hot conditions, and decline toward wet and cool conditions. We find that 16% of irrigation yield increase is due to irrigation cooling, while the rest (84%) is due to water supply and other factors. The irrigation cooling effect is also observed on air temperature (−0.38 to −0.53°C) from paired flux sites in Nebraska. This study highlights the non-negligible contribution of irrigation cooling to the yield benefits of irrigation, and such an effect may become more important in the future with continued warming and more frequent droughts. K E Y W O R D Scooling, irrigation, LST, maize yield, water

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying irrigation cooling benefits to maize yield in the US Midwest

Guan

Peng

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Section: Warming Temperatures Impact Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Process models offer a deeper understanding of the cause and effect of the environmental impacts on yields, and they can potentially model future yields outside of historical observations. Process models have become more sophisticated in recent years [22], but still have difficulty reproducing historical yields in certain circumstances [23].Many previous studies have analyzed the relationships between crop yields and emperature [13,24,25], precipitation [14,26,27], or radiation measurements [28,29], and have predicted future yields based on these relationships [13,26,30]. These models may be statistical [17,31], process-based [30,32], or both [33], and have focused on US [14,24,33], China [23,25,29,31,32], Europe [28,30], or global bread baskets [15,17,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on Twenty-First Century Crop Yields in the U.S.

Petersen

2019

Climate

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Crop yields are strongly dependent on the average climate, extreme temperatures, and carbon dioxide concentrations, all of which are projected to increase in the coming century. In this study, a statistical model was created to predict US yields to 2100 for three crops using low and high-emissions future scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5). The model is based on linear regressions between historical crop yields and daily weather observations since 1970 for every county in the US. Yields were found to be most strongly dependent on heat waves, summer average temperatures, and killing degree days; these relationships were hence used to predict future yields. The model shows that warming temperatures will significantly decrease corn and soybean yields, but will not have as strong of an influence on rice. Before accounting for CO 2 fertilization, crops in the high-emissions scenario are predicted to produce 77%, 85%, and 96% of their expected yield without climate change for corn, soybeans, and rice, respectively. When a simple CO 2 fertilization factor is included, corn, a C4 plant, increases slightly, while the yields of the C3 plants (soybeans and rice) are actually predicted to increase compared to today's yields. This study exhibits the wide range of possible impacts of climate change on crop yields in the coming century, and emphasizes the need for field research on the combined effects of CO 2 fertilization and heat extremes.Climate 2019, 7, 40 2 of 17 century [6]. Agriculture is a substantial portion of the economy, and crop yields are highly dependent on temperature. Other impacts are more difficult to put a price on, such as biodiversity and ecosystem loss. The currently accepted cost of carbon dioxide when considering these externalities varies between $37 and $220 per ton emitted [7]. Warming Temperatures Impact AgricultureThe United States produces 41% of the world's corn and 38% of the world's soybeans, two of the four largest crop sources of caloric energy [8]. These crops are thus crucial to food security, and understanding how their yields will change in the next century could help drive more informed policy decisions.The growing world population requires a larger food supply. Historical improvements in crop yields from agricultural technology (e.g., pesticides, fertilizers, farm machinery, gene modification, and shifting of production to large corporations [9]) have kept up with increasing demand for several decades, but it is doubtful that yields will continue to grow at the same rate as they have since 1970. Population is unlikely to stop growing this century, and by 2100 there will be between 9.6 and 12.3 billion people on earth [10]. Research has shown that yields are projected to drop in coming decades due to warming temperatures and the potential emergence of virulent crop diseases [11,12].Crop yields are strongly dependent on the weather and may be predicted from observed weather events during the growing season [13][14][15][16]. Over 60% of yield variability in global breadbaskets can be explained by...

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“…Large-scale droughts have been reported to weaken the terrestrial carbon sink and intensify competition between food demand and biofuel production (Zhao and Running 2010). Drought often shows direct and immediate impacts on agricultural land due to the strong dependence of various stages of crop growth on water resources (Narasimhan and Srinivasan 2005, Martínez-Fernández et al 2016, Peng et al 2018, severely influencing crop production and food security (Lobell et al 2011, Trnka et al 2012, Madadgar et al 2017. For example, the negative effects of drought resulted in 0.1%-1.2% reductions in annual corn and soybean yields in dryland counties in the United States from 2001 to 2013, while irrigated counties showed slightly smaller (0.1%-0.5%) reductions in annual crop yields (Kuwayama et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the 2017 flash drought in the US Northern plains informed by satellite-based evapotranspiration and solar-induced fluorescence

Kimball

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Drought is increasing in frequency and severity, exacerbating food and water security risks in an era of continued global warming and human population growth. Here, we analyzed a severe summer drought affecting the US Northern Plains region in 2017. We examined the spatial pattern and seasonal progression of vegetation productivity and water use in the region using satellite-based estimates of field-scale (30 m) cropland evapotranspiration (ET), county level annual crop production statistics, and GOME-2 satellite observations of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF). The cropland ET record shows strong potential to track seasonal cropland water demands spatially, with strong correspondence to regional climate variables in the Northern Plains. The GOME-2 SIF record shows significant but limited correlations with finer scale climate variability due to the coarse sensor footprint, but captured an anomalous regional productivity decline coincident with drought related decreases in crop production and ET. The drought contributed to an overall 25% reduction in cropland ET, 6% decrease in crop production, and 11% reduction in SIF productivity over the region from April to September in 2017 relative to the longer (2008-2017) satellite record. More severely impacted agricultural areas indicated by the US Drought Monitor exceptional drought (D4) category represented 11% of the region and showed much larger anomalous ET (20%-81%) and productivity (11%-73%) declines. The regional pattern of drought impacts indicated more severe productivity and ET reductions in the north central and southern counties with extensive agriculture, and less impact in the western counties of the Northern Plains. This study provides a multiscale assessment of drought related impacts on regional productivity and ET over a crop intensive region, emphasizing the use of global satellite observations capable of informing regional to global scale water and food security assessments.

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Improving maize growth processes in the community land model: Implementation and evaluation

Cited by 79 publications

References 88 publications

Quantifying irrigation cooling benefits to maize yield in the US Midwest

Quantifying irrigation cooling benefits to maize yield in the US Midwest

Impact of Climate Change on Twenty-First Century Crop Yields in the U.S.

Impacts of the 2017 flash drought in the US Northern plains informed by satellite-based evapotranspiration and solar-induced fluorescence

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