Improving magnesium uptake, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities of watermelon by grafting onto pumpkin rootstock under low magnesium

Huang, Yuan; Jiao, Yanyan; Nawaz, Muhammad Azher; Chen, Chen; Liu, Li; Lu, Zhen; Kong, Qiusheng; Cheng, Fei; Bie, Zhilong

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-2965-3

Cited by 58 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The positive impact of grafting on vegetative growth has been consistent with the previous reports, including stem diameter, plant fresh and dry weight, and leaf area (Bekhradi et al, 2011;Huang et al, 2016;Ioannou et al, 2002;Yetisir and Sari, 2003). As indicated in those previous studies, rootstock cultivars had an important effect in determining the vegetative growth performance of the grafted plants.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Performance of Grafted Seedless Watermelon Plants with and without Root Excision under Inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 2

Zhao¹,

Liu²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2018

horts

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Fusarium wilt of watermelon can be effectively managed by grafting with resistant rootstocks. Excision and regeneration of grafted seedling roots is a common practice among cucurbit-grafting nurseries that has not been thoroughly examined. The objectives of this study were to compare the performance of grafted and nongrafted watermelon plants under both greenhouse and field conditions when inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON) race 2, and assess the effect of root excision on growth of grafted plants with Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata rootstocks. Two greenhouse experiments (Fall 2015 and Spring 2016) and one field trial (Spring 2016) of seedless watermelon ‘Melody’ were conducted in this study. In both greenhouse experiments, inoculated, nongrafted watermelon plants showed a significantly higher percentage of recovered Fusarium spp. colonies (70% to 75%) compared with grafted treatments (0% to 7.5%). Some plant growth measurements, including the longest vine length and aboveground fresh and dry weight, indicated less vigorous growth for nongrafted plants compared with the grafted treatments. Significantly higher percent recovery of Fusarium spp. below the graft union was observed in the grafted plants with root excision and regeneration treatment (3.7%) in contrast to the intact root treatment (0.5%), suggesting that the root excision method may possibly create entry points for FON infections. Overall, the root excision treatment showed little influence on aboveground growth and root characteristics of grafted plants. Yield of grafted watermelon with FON inoculation in the fumigated field trial was significantly higher than that of noninoculated, nongrafted ‘Melody’ (NGM) control as reflected by the increase of fruit number and size. Averaged over all the grafted treatments, the increase in marketable fruit number and weight reached 108.3% and 240.9%, respectively, and the total fruit number and weight increase was at 80.0% and 237.2%, respectively. However, grafted plants also exhibited greater levels of root-knot nematode infestation as indicated by the significantly higher root galling ratings. Results from this study demonstrated that grafting with squash rootstocks can effectively limit FON colonization in seedless watermelon plants, although more research in rootstock selection and testing is needed to optimize the use of grafted plants for improving plant growth and fruit yield.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Performance of Grafted Seedless Watermelon Plants with and without Root Excision under Inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 2

Zhao¹,

Liu²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2018

horts

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“…The improvement of NUE efficiency is required, and the use of rootstocks has been reported to enhance the NUE in different fruit and vegetable crops, including watermelon [4,15,17,21,36,[40][41][42]. In this study, we observed that the N uptake efficiency, N utilization efficiency, and N use efficiency of watermelon was altered by the use of wild watermelon rootstocks (Figure 3a-c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…1" increased the total ion absorption of watermelon by up to 30% and 49% at fruit development, and 21% and 47% at fruit maturity, compared with self-rooted plants [39]. Pumpkin-grafted watermelon plants also showed maximum magnesium uptake compared with self-rooted watermelon plants under limited magnesium supply [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Watermelon grafting onto rootstocks enhanced the nitrogen uptake efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency by 21% and 38%, respectively [30]. According to some previous studies, rootstocks enhance nutrient [14,39,40] and cytokinin supply to the scion, improve growth and dry matter accumulation, and trigger the gene expression of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase enzymes [4,22,43]. In fruit crops, such as grapes, nitrate uptake is favored by the presence of rootstocks and the characteristics of the scion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Watermelon Grafted onto 10 Wild Watermelon Rootstocks under Low Nitrogen Conditions

et al. 2018

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Nitrogen availability is the key determinant of plant growth and development. The improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops is an important consideration. In fruit and vegetables, such as watermelon, rootstocks are often utilized to control soil borne diseases and improve plant performance to a range of abiotic stresses. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of 10 wild watermelon rootstocks (ZXG-516, ZXG-941, ZXG-945, ZXG-1250, ZXG-1251, ZXG-1558, ZXG-944, ZXG-1469, ZXG-1463, and ZXG-952) to improve the plant growth and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the watermelon cultivar: Zaojia 8424. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a comprehensive parameter that represents the ability of a plant to absorb nitrogen (N) and convert the supplied resources to the dry biomass. Wild watermelon rootstocks substantially improved plant growth, rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductivity, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, rate of transpiration, nitrogen uptake efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen utilization efficiency of watermelon. NUE of watermelon grafted onto ZXG-945, ZXG-1250, and ZXG-941 was improved by up to 67%, 77%, and 168%, respectively, at optimum N supply. Similarly, at low N supply (0.2 mM), NUE of watermelon grafted onto ZXG-1558 and ZXG-516 was improved by up to 104% and 175%, respectively. In conclusion, grafting onto some wild rootstocks can improve nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon, and this improved nitrogen use efficiency could be attributed to better N uptake efficiency of wild watermelon rootstocks.

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“…The possible reasons were that plants grafted onto pumpkin were associated with high root dry weights, which presumably facilitated the uptake of nutrients by the plants (Savvas et al, 2010). A recent study has also proven that pumpkin rootstock grafting can increase watermelon plant performance under abiotic stress conditions (Huang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a new hybrid rootstock significantly increases the grafted plant rate and watermelon yield

Jian¹,

Wang²,

Tian³

et al. 2019

Int. Agrophys.

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Rootstocks constitute a very important resource of grafted plants, especially in terms of improving the production of watermelon. In this work, a new rootstock, i.e. 'Wanzhen No. 2', was used to evaluate the grafting effect on three watermelon cultivars ('Xiuli', 'Jinlvhongling', and 'Xinong No. 8') subjected to double-root-cutting grafting. Protected field trials were also conducted. The obtained results have shown that the doubleroot-cutting grafting technique significantly increases the root length and dry weight of 'Wanzhen No. 2', when compared to bottle gourd rootstock. 'Wanzhen No. 2' was also found to significantly increase the average survival rate of grafted seedlings, up to 96% in three experimental bases. The fruits harvested from the 'Wanzhen No. 2' grafted plants had higher weight than those obtained from non-grafted plants, without affecting the central sugar content. By using 'Wanzhen No. 2' as the rootstock, the watermelon yield significantly improved in 'Xiuli' (by 26.7 and 87.4%) and 'Wanzhen No. 2' (by 16.3 and 89.2%), when compared to both the control 'Jiashi' and the non-grafted plant. The yield of 'Xinong No. 8' significantly increased (by 32.2%), when compared to the non-grafted plant. Our study suggests that 'Wanzhen No. 2' is a suitable rootstock for grafted seedlings in three watermelon cultivars. We have provided new insights into the rootstock and contributed to the improvement of watermelon grafted plants. K e y w o r d s: pumpkin, double root cutting, grafted plant, watermelon yield

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Improving magnesium uptake, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities of watermelon by grafting onto pumpkin rootstock under low magnesium

Cited by 58 publications

References 59 publications

Performance of Grafted Seedless Watermelon Plants with and without Root Excision under Inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 2

Performance of Grafted Seedless Watermelon Plants with and without Root Excision under Inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 2

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Watermelon Grafted onto 10 Wild Watermelon Rootstocks under Low Nitrogen Conditions

Using a new hybrid rootstock significantly increases the grafted plant rate and watermelon yield

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