Improving Intelligence Analysis in Policing

Kirby, Stuart; Keay, Scott

doi:10.4324/9781003038047

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In summary, although the PND was introduced in response to a failure by UK police forces to share information, this type of intelligence failure occurs across the world (Kirby and Keay, 2021). The PND was therefore implemented to make available 'the wealth of information held, but not exploited, by police forces for the prevention and detection of crime' (Bichard, 2004, p. 130).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What does the UK Police National Database tell us about the future of police intelligence?

Phythian

Kirby

2022

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

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Developments in technology are transforming society, creating more opportunities for offenders and complicating the policing landscape. The challenge for law enforcement is to identify criminal patterns from an offender’s electronic traces and to provide actionable intelligence. However, these traces are held by diverse police forces and are rarely connected. In 2011, to overcome this challenge, the Police National Database (PND) was launched to provide a national intelligence overview from local data. This study examines the database, using a mixed-methods approach. Descriptive and inferential analyses of PND usage data highlight that different forces use the PND, and its various capabilities, with different levels of frequency. Thematic analyses of interviews and focus groups with PND users identified: specific examples of PND use, as well as its perceived strengths, perceived deficiencies, and future considerations. Implications for policing practice are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What does the UK Police National Database tell us about the future of police intelligence?

Phythian

Kirby

2022

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

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“…Legal concerns are also raised about the content and method by which information is shared, often aggravated by the multitude of information sharing protocols that exist (van Staden et al, 2011). Trust is crucial in this process, as even when information sharing agreements are agreed, professionals may withhold information due to risk aversion (Pinkney et al, 2008) or confidentiality concerns (Dawes et al, 2009;Kirby and Keay, 2021). Trust can also be undermined when shared information is not acted upon or the results are not fed back (Feng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they are often considered in isolation and/or feature information sharing as one factor in a broader discussion. Kirby and Keay (2021) recently highlighted a range of information sharing approaches. These included: a dedicated co-located multi-agency team (where representatives from partner agencies meet and share their own information, sometimes using bespoke databases); a lead professional model (where a partner representative acts as a coordinating case worker on a partnership issue); and live time integrated information sharing systems (which allow partners to interrogate specific information systems owned by another partner).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding how law enforcement agencies share information in an intelligence-led environment: how operational context influences different approaches

Phythian,

Kirby,

Swan-Keig

2024

PIJPSM

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PurposeThe importance of multi-agency information sharing is recognised as central to tackling crime and disorder in an intelligence-driven environment. However, whilst technology can facilitate and enhance this process, barriers to effective agency information exchange are consistently reported. This paper aims to categorise how information sharing takes place in a law enforcement operational setting and whether there is scope to improve the process.Design/methodology/approachThere were two stages to the method; firstly, a select group of practitioners with intelligence-related experience (n = 28) were interviewed to identify the most common approaches to operational information sharing. This generated a categorisation model, which was tested with a larger group of practitioners (n = 73). A mixed-methods approach was adopted.FindingsThe research found consensus surrounding four different approaches to information sharing, labelled as: (1) inform and request, (2) meet and share, (3) customised database and (4) integrated systems. These are used at various levels of frequency, dependent on the operational context.Originality/valueThis research provides original evidence-based research to show law enforcement practitioners vary in the way they share information. By demystifying and categorising the process, it provides understanding for practitioners, policymakers and researchers, allowing barriers to be more readily tackled in a much more cost-effective manner.

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“…Bratko et al (2021) studied the use of SWOT analysis in the field of national security planning [4]. Kirby & Keay (2021) discussed how intelligence is gathered to assist investigators in solving crimes. So, intelligence analysts and tactical crime analysts have to master the process of a criminal investigation in order to be in the best position to provide the kind of intelligence investigators need to close cases [5].…”

Section: Literature Review and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kirby & Keay (2021) discussed how intelligence is gathered to assist investigators in solving crimes. So, intelligence analysts and tactical crime analysts have to master the process of a criminal investigation in order to be in the best position to provide the kind of intelligence investigators need to close cases [5]. Also, Cope (2004) explored the integration of volume crime analysis into policing and outlined the importance of analysis for intelligence-led policing.…”

Section: Literature Review and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Extraction and Analysis of Intelligence to Combat Threats of Organized Crime at the Border

Farion¹,

Балендр²,

Андрощук³

et al. 2022

J. Hum. Earth Future

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The article reveals the development of innovative methods of intelligence-led policing in the form of information-analytical activity (IAA) by law enforcement operational units to combat threats of cross-border organized crime. The developed methodology for extracting intelligence information contains new procedures for extracting intelligence from Internet resources and performing intelligence analysis. It allowed for a reduction in time of 1.23 times for obtaining intelligence on criminal activity. Also, the methods for identifying crimes and analyzing threats to border security were improved. It allows the development of new procedures for crime identification, the classification of organized criminal groups, the formation of scenarios of their illegal activities, and the determination of the degree of their influence on border security. The methodology is based on taxonomy, artificial intelligence, expert evaluation, and SWOT analysis. The developed mathematical model for constructing operational cover at the border takes into account the dependence of the distribution of available resources on existing cross-border crime threats. Experimental verification of the implementation of the research results indicates advantages of the results in contrast to traditional approaches in terms of "reliability" and "efficiency". Based on the developed methodological apparatus, recommendations for improving the IAA were elaborated: improving processes of obtaining intelligence information; improving processes of identifying crimes and analyzing threats to border security due to the development of criminal analysis systems; creating regional centers for detecting and analyzing threats to border security; and developing the IAA based on enhancing the capabilities of operational units. Implementation of the scientific results into the practical activity of law enforcement operational units at the border contributed to increasing the efficiency of their IAA by up to 20%. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2022-03-03-07 Full Text: PDF

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Improving Intelligence Analysis in Policing

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

What does the UK Police National Database tell us about the future of police intelligence?

What does the UK Police National Database tell us about the future of police intelligence?

Understanding how law enforcement agencies share information in an intelligence-led environment: how operational context influences different approaches

Methods of Extraction and Analysis of Intelligence to Combat Threats of Organized Crime at the Border

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