Improving impact, tensile and thermal properties of thermoset unsaturated polyester via mixing with thermoset vinyl ester and methyl methacrylate

Abral, Hairul; Fajrul, Rahmat; Mahardika, Melbi; Handayani, Dian; Sugiarti, Eni; Muslimin, Ahmad Novi; Rosanti, Santi Dewi

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106193

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The crosslink density increased with the higher blend concentration in PVA, thus increasing surface roughness (Figure 2d,e). Microscopic beach marks (red arrow in Figure 2e) are due to tortuous cracks resulting from the disruption of crack progress [38]. This is because of the low tensile strength of the PVA/UG/BA sample, which is consistent with tensilte test properties.…”

Section: Cross-section Fesem Imagessupporting

confidence: 57%

The Enhanced Moisture Absorption and Tensile Strength of PVA/Uncaria gambir Extract by Boric Acid as a Highly Moisture-Resistant, Anti-UV, and Strong Film for Food Packaging Applications

et al. 2022

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There is an increasing demand for food packaging materials that are safe for the environment and human health. Pure polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is non-toxic and transparent but has poor UV-light shielding, thermal and moisture resistance, and antibacterial activity. Our previous work prepared and characterized a biofilm derived from PVA and edible Uncaria gambir extract (UG). The film has antibacterial properties and is anti-UV and flexible. However, UG is hydrophilic, making this film have low moisture absorption. To improve these properties, we trialed adding boric acid (BA) and UG into the PVA. This present study aims to characterize pure PVA film and blend films resulting from mixing PVA (10%), BA (0.5%), and UG (1%). It was found that the PVA/UG/BA film presented the best performance in terms of UV light absorption, tensile properties, thermal and moisture resistance, and antibacterial activity. This blend sample absorbs about 98% of the UV light at 400 nm wavelength without significantly sacrificing transparency. These findings indicate that UG and BA could be advantageous in the preparation of moisture and thermal-resistant UV shielding films with low toxicity and high antibacterial properties based on PVA. They were also found to be strong enough for food packaging applications.

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Section: Cross-section Fesem Imagessupporting

confidence: 57%

The Enhanced Moisture Absorption and Tensile Strength of PVA/Uncaria gambir Extract by Boric Acid as a Highly Moisture-Resistant, Anti-UV, and Strong Film for Food Packaging Applications

et al. 2022

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“…Polyester, vinyl ester, and MMA resin were mixed and stirred with the composition as shown in Table-1. A comparison of each material was carried out according to previous studies [2] [8]. To be more perfect, each mixture was homogenized so that the composition was uniform using a magnetic stirrer for 10 minutes at a speed of 400 rpm and an ambient temperature of 25 o C. The accuracy of each mixture's viscosity was measured, then 4% MEKP was added to the mold, and the mixture was cast into a glass-based mold for approximately 3 days at room temperature.…”

Section: Preparations and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsaturated polyester fracture toughness mechanism with blending to vinyl ester and MMA

2023

JEAS

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In this research, a method was used to increase the brittleness of unsaturated polyester polymer by mixing it with vinyl ester. The choice of vinyl ester to increase the toughness of this polyester is because it is easy to form and this material has wide applications in engineering. However, this polyester has several weaknesses, namely, it is very stiff, brittle, and unable to withstand cracking loads and breaks easily due to impact. Polyester has a rigid nature because this material has cross-chain links of material that are tightly locked and interconnected with each other. With the addition of this vinyl ester, this tightly connected rigid chain is disrupted by the vinyl ester chain, thereby increasing the toughness of the polyester. Steps were taken to increase the crack resistance of unsaturated polyesters with the addition of vinyl esters, starting with the percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% and comparing them with pure polyester. The results obtained showed that the crack resistance of polyester increased with the addition of 40% wt vinyl ester. The results show that the highest fracture toughness value is indicated by the value of the stress intensity factor of K1c=1.752 MPa.m0.5.

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“…They are generally produced by the condensation of a diol with anhydrides. The obtained condensation products form very durable structures and coatings when cross-linked with vinyl monomers such as methyl methacrylate, styrene [5][6][7]. The mechanical and chemical properties of the cross-linked resin depend on the types and amounts of anhydrides and diols used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation A Cross-Linked Copolymer By Using Unsaturated Poly(2-Butene Maleate) Polyester and Methyl Methacrylate

Saltan

2022

Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

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In this study, synthesis of unsaturated Poly(2-Butene Maleate) polyester by condensation polymerization and preparation of cross-linked graft copolymer with methyl methacrylate are presented. For this purpose, unsaturated polyesters were synthesized in four different time periods (12h, 24h, 36h, 48h) in the presence of hydroquinone using 1,4-Butanediol-2-ene and maleic anhydride. Then, the obtained unsaturated polyester was purified on the alumina column and used to obtain cross-linked copolymer with methyl methacrylate. Here in, methyl methacrylate acts as both co-monomer and cross-linking agent. In the preparation of Poly(2-Butene Maleate), the optimization study of the molecular weight and yield ratios with the time parameter was carried out. In the results obtained, it was observed that the maximum molecular weight was reached after almost 36 hours (Mn=3400). It was observed that time did not have much effect on the yield. Structural characterizations of the obtained products were supported by FT-IR and NMR analyzes. In thermal analysis, it was observed that the thermal stability of Cross-linked graft copolymer is higher than unsaturated polyester but lower than pure Poly(methyl methacrylate).

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Improving impact, tensile and thermal properties of thermoset unsaturated polyester via mixing with thermoset vinyl ester and methyl methacrylate

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

The Enhanced Moisture Absorption and Tensile Strength of PVA/Uncaria gambir Extract by Boric Acid as a Highly Moisture-Resistant, Anti-UV, and Strong Film for Food Packaging Applications

The Enhanced Moisture Absorption and Tensile Strength of PVA/Uncaria gambir Extract by Boric Acid as a Highly Moisture-Resistant, Anti-UV, and Strong Film for Food Packaging Applications

Unsaturated polyester fracture toughness mechanism with blending to vinyl ester and MMA

Preparation A Cross-Linked Copolymer By Using Unsaturated Poly(2-Butene Maleate) Polyester and Methyl Methacrylate

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