“…Many of these victims had experienced multiple such attempts, with the average number reported as 5.3 (Wilbur et al, 2001). Research has since expanded the findings of Strack et al (2001) and Wilbur et al (2001), with a number of studies reporting a high prevalence of strangulation in domestic violence situations (Douglas & Fitzgerald, 2014; Glass et al, 2008; Hawley, McClane, & Strack, 2001; Joshi, Thomas, & Sorenson, 2012; Mcquown et al, 2016; Messing, Thomas, Ward-Lasher, & Brewer, 2018; Pritchard, Reckdenwald, Nordham, & Holton, 2018; Shields, Corey, Weakley-Jones, & Stewart, 2010; Smith, Mills, & Taliaferro, 2001; Sorenson et al, 2014; Sutherland, Bybee, & Sullivan, 2002; Thomas et al, 2014). The prevalence of nonfatal strangulation varies across studies, with rates ranging from 3% to 68%, depending on the nature of the sample, although research that relies on police reports tends to report lower prevalence (11.5%) of nonfatal strangulation, as described by Pritchard et al (2018).…”