Improving Human Health through Optimizing Food Intake and Exercise Time Management: A Real-World Science

Abstract

A deeper understanding of human physiology depends on optimal understanding of comparative interspecies physiology. Animal physiology can be more effectively perceived via incomparable insights into greatly integrative ruminant physiology and rumen microbial physiology. [1][2][3] Ruminants are matchless food resources that should be benefited from as appropriate working pattern models for studying human medicine and health at various gene, cell, organ and individual entire body levels. 4,5 For example, night-time vs. daytime feeding of dairy cows has increased eating rate and postprandial release of intermediary metabolites from both rumen and post-rumen as well as splanchnic and peripheral tissues. 6,7 Nocturnal eating has also increased milk production of especially fat and energy. 8 Night eating, in addition, improved nutrient digestibility and efficiency in dairy and beef cattle. 5 The discoveries of such kind underline the feasibility and importance of timing of eating and exercise as a strategy to better orchestrate nutrient metabolism and partitioning in human. [9][10][11] However, it must be noted that livestock are different from human in the extent and rate of splanchnic, hepatic and mammary metabolism. It is expected that modulating eating time would have likely different impacts on ruminant vs. human nutriphyiogenomics and endocrinology. This requires future concentration on interdisciplinary and interspecies nutritional and metabolism experiments.

A Simple Global Exercise Program to Overcome Obesity

“…Sweating must occur and heart beating rate must effectively increase for a minimal prolonged period of 30 min at each exercise occasion. [1][2][3] Continuous running even slowly meets requirements for this global exercise program. Running demands no major expenses and can be conducted almost everywhere at any time.…”

Endocrinological Regulation of Food Intake: A Coping Science

“…The postprandial rise in insulin secretion in high-producing mammals including lactating mother (demanding much energy and nitrogen) may not necessarily depress food intake. Instead, due to the increased nutrient demand of the mammary gland, the postprandial insulin secretion might facilitate nutrient uptake by increasing food intake [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] As far as glucagon is concerned, intravenous infusion induces satiety in humans. However, intraperitoneal glucagon stimulates glucogenolysis but does not affect food intake in rats.…”