Improving hand hygiene adherence in an endoscopy unit

Santos, L. X.; Dias, Maria Beatriz Souza; Borrasca, Vera L.; Cavassin, Lana; Lobo, R.; Schwenck, R. C. Bozza; Puschiavo, T. Herrerias; Toscano, Cristiana M.; Hashiba, Kiyoshi; Bierrenbach, Ana Luiza

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1326284

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Recently, it was reported that the most common infection route was the hands of healthcare staff, so the hand hygiene of doctors and nurses is now an important issue 4. However, a variety of electronic devices are installed in almost every corner of a hospital, such as the outpatient ward and examination rooms, owing to the computerization of a hospital system and the development of test equipment, e.g., artificial respirators in the intensive care units, computer-aided prescription systems for doctors and nurses, endoscopes, and ultrasonography systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the characteristics of a gastrointestinal endoscopy room, pathogens can spread more often through the hands of healthcare staff who are easily exposed to body fluids of patients than through any other infection routes. Hence, it is thought that a variety of pathogens are likely to exist on the surface of the equipment inside the endoscopy room 4. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted on the presence of pathogens in the endoscopy room so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the Environment of the Endoscopy Unit a Reservoir of Pathogens?

Choi

Lee

et al. 2014

Intest Res

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Background/AimsGiven the characteristic procedures involved in the endoscopy unit, the spread of pathogens is much more frequent in this unit than in other environments. However, there is a lack of data elucidating the existence of pathogens in the endoscopy unit. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of possible pathogens in the endoscopy unit.MethodsWe performed environmental culture using samples from the endoscopy rooms of 2 tertiary hospitals. We used sterile cotton-tipped swabs moistened with sterile saline to swab the surfaces of 197 samples. Then, we cultured the swab in blood agar plate. Samples from the colonoscopy room were placed in thioglycollate broth to detect the presence of anaerobes. After 2 weeks of culture period, we counted the colony numbers.ResultsThe most commonly contaminated spots were the doctor's keyboard, nurse's cart, and nurse's mouse. The common organisms found were non-pathogenic bacterial microorganisms Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Streptococcus spp.. No definite anaerobe organism was detected in the colonoscopy room.ConclusionsAlthough the organisms detected in the endoscopy unit were mainly non-pathogenic organisms, they might cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, the environment of the endoscopy room should be managed appropriately; moreover, individual hand hygiene is important for preventing possible hospital-acquired infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Environment of the Endoscopy Unit a Reservoir of Pathogens?

Choi

Lee

et al. 2014

Intest Res

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“…Data show the positive effect of training on patient safety [39,40,41] Pittet et al [40] showed that hospital-wide hygiene campaigns with training led to a reduction in hospital infections (from 16.9% to 9.9% in 4 years; p = 0.04), and reduced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections from 2.16 to 0.93 cases per 10,000 patient days (p < 0.001) [37]. Santos et al [41] evaluated hand hygiene compliance in endoscopy.…”

Section: Ensuring Reprocessing Quality and Infection Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Santos et al [41] evaluated hand hygiene compliance in endoscopy. Due compliance with hand hygiene was initially 21.4% in total (medical staff 15%, nursing staff 30.5%).…”

Section: Ensuring Reprocessing Quality and Infection Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygiene: The Looming Achilles Heel in Endoscopy

Jung¹,

Beilenhoff²

2016

Visc Med

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Background: Since the late 1970s there have been sporadic reports of nosocomial infections linked to endoscopic procedures. Infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) have an increasing impact on healthcare systems worldwide. Since 2010 outbreaks involving MDRO have been reported as a result of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) from the USA, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Methods: This article evaluates the recent outbreaks and developments and demonstrates a structural approach to how to prevent future infections. Current national and international guidelines were used as a basis for discussions. Results: In some cases insufficient cleaning or drying supported the outbreak. In the majority of cases, outbreaks occurred despite the apparently appropriate reprocessing protocols being in use. Microlesions were identified on a number of endoscopes, which supported the growth of bacteria and represented a vehicle for the transmission of infectious material. National official bodies responded with warnings. Manufacturers informed their customers accordingly. Separate, purpose-designed reprocessing rooms and a sufficient number of competent staff provide the structural quality for a safe reprocessing. The process quality includes a thorough cleaning of all endoscope channels and crucial instrument components, followed by an automated and validated reprocessing procedure. Strict adherence to manufacturers' recommendations is essential. The outcome quality should be evaluated by regular audits, validation of reprocessing procedures and microbiological surveillance. If outbreaks occur, a close co-operation with official bodies and manufacturers is essential. Conclusion: Health care professionals and manufacturers should be aware of their responsibility to ensure patient safety. A structural approach is key in prevention of endoscopy-associated infections.

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“…Bei unseren Begehungen endoskopischer Abteilungen von Kliniken und endoskopierender Praxen standen die Einhaltung der Anforderungen der Hygiene an die Aufbereitung flexibler Endoskope und endoskopischen Zusatzinstrumentariums im Fokus der Überprüfungen. Händehygiene in der Endoskopie ist ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt[24].Zwar stammen die meisten Berichte über im Zusammenhang mit endoskopischen Untersuchungen aufgetretene Infektionen aus den Jahren vor 2000 [1] und vor Veröffentlichung der KRIN-KO-Empfehlungen zur Endoskopaufbereitung 2002 [6] was jedoch nicht zu falscher Sicherheit über zwischenzeitlich erreichte Fortschritte führen darf. Das Risiko möglicher Übertragungen von Infektionserregern durch flexible Endoskope ist nach wie vor gegeben.…”

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